无细胞蛋白合成系统中细胞提取物和模板DNA的研究进展  

Research Progress of Cell Extracts and Template DNAs in Cell-free Protein Synthesis System

作　　者：许博楠 冯佳 周见庭 蒋建兰[1] XU Bo-nan;FENG Jia;ZHOU Jian-ting;JIANG Jian-lan(Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering(Ministry of Education),School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院天津大学系统生物工程教育部重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2022年第12期100-114,共15页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0903000)。

摘　　要：无细胞蛋白合成系统(cell-free protein synthesis,CFPS)是一种体外蛋白质合成的高效平台,与体内蛋白合成系统相比,它突破了活细胞的限制,使蛋白合成反应可以在试管中进行,具有灵活、高效、可控性强的特点。近几年来,合成生物学领域新技术的涌现推动了CFPS系统的快速发展,尤其在细胞提取物和模板DNA方面。细胞提取物和模板DNA是CFPS系统中不可或缺的重要组成,很大程度上决定了无细胞反应的效率和成本。本文综述了CFPS系统中细胞提取物和模板DNA方面的研究进展,主要介绍了最近新开发的细胞提取物系统的特点和应用前景,以及质粒DNA模板和线性DNA模板的研究进展。Cell-free protein synthesis(CFPS)system is an efficient platform for in vitro protein synthesis. Compared with in vivo systems,it breaks through the limitations of living cells and enables the protein synthesis to be carried out in a test tube,which is flexible,efficient and controllable. In recent years,new technologies in synthetic biology have promoted the rapid development of CFPS system,especially in cell extracts and template DNA. Cell extracts and template DNA are integral components in the CFPS system,largely determining the efficiency and cost of cell-free reactions. This review describes the research progress of cell extracts and template DNA,mainly introduces the characteristics and prospects of newly developed cell extracts,as well as the research progress of plasmid DNA templates and linear DNA templates.

关 键 词：无细胞蛋白合成 细胞提取物 质粒DNA模板 线性DNA模板 

分 类 号：Q813[生物学—生物工程]