广东大峡谷地质景观特征与形成机制  

Geological Landscape Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Guangdong Grand Canyon

作　　者：胡昆 李宏卫 黄孝波 李媛 张健 HU Kun;LI Hong-Wei;HUANG Xiao-Bo;LI Yuan;ZHANG Jian(Guangdong Geological Survey,Guangzhou 510080,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省地质调查院,广东广州510080

出　　处：《华南地质》2022年第4期638-648,共11页South China Geology

基　　金：广东省2021年度自然资源事务管理—生态林业建设专项资金(2021GJGY001);国家自然科学基金(41772019)。

摘　　要：在对广东大峡谷省级自然保护区地质地貌景观进行详细分类和描述的基础上,探讨了大峡谷形成机制,建立了构造-地貌演化模式。大峡谷内共有基础地质和地貌景观2大类地质遗迹,具体包括5类8亚类地质地貌景观,其中,基础地质景观以典型地层剖面和断层为主,地貌景观以峡谷、夷平面、石峰、石柱、瀑布、潭、壶穴为主。广东大峡谷构造-地貌演化模式为:(1)泥盆纪老虎头组滨海—河口三角洲相砂岩建造奠定了大峡谷发育的物质基础;(2)燕山期构造运动以来形成的大量高角度节理及区域整体抬升奠定了大峡谷的雏形;(3)新构造运动以来,准平原裂解和差异抬升,在溯源侵蚀和重力崩塌共同作用下最终形成了大峡谷现今的地貌景观。Based on the detailed classification and description of the geological and geomorphic landscape of Guangdong Grand Canyon Provincial Nature Reserve,the formation mechanism of Guangdong Grand Canyon is discussed,and the structure-geomorphic evolution model is established.There are two categories of geological relics of basic geology and geomorphic landscape in Guangdong Grand Canyon Provincial Nature Reserve,including 5 categories and 8 subcategories of geological landscape,among which,the basic geological landscape is dominated by typical stratigraphic sections and faults,and the geomorphological landscape is dominated by canyons,planation planes,stone peaks,stone pillars,waterfalls,pools and potholes.The structure-geomorphic evolution model of Guangdong Grand Canyoncould be summarized as following:(1)The main strata exposed are the Laohutou Formation of the Devonian in the canyon area,which is a set of sandstones of littoral and estuarine delta facies,laying the material foundation for the development of the Canyon.(2)After the Yanshanian magmatic tectonism,a large number of high-angle joints were formed and continuously uplifted,which laid the embryonic form of the Grand Canyon.(3)Since the Neotectonic movement,the peneplain cracked and uplifted unevenly,finally forming the present geomorphic landscape under the combined actions of traceability erosion and gravity collapse.

关 键 词：地质地貌景观 老虎头组 高角度节理 重力崩塌 广东大峡谷 

分 类 号：P9[天文地球—自然地理学]