南海北部大陆边缘沉积物波分布特征及形成机制研究进展  

Distribution characteristics and formation mechanism of sediment waves on the continental margin of the northern South China Sea——a literature research

作　　者：刘晓磊 李伟甲 陆杨 李星宇 张淑玉 余和雨 LIU Xiaolei;LI Weijia;LU Yang;LI Xingyu;ZHANG Shuyu;YU Heyu(Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Laboratory for Marine Geology,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266061,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学山东省海洋环境地质工程重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋地质过程与环境功能实验室,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《地学前缘》2023年第2期81-95,共15页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42277138);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020YQ29);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(201822013)。

摘　　要：深海沉积物波形成过程研究对于重建古气候、古海洋、古构造以及海洋油气、天然气水合物等资源开发均具有重要意义,而南海北部大陆边缘因其复杂的构造沉积体系、独特的地形地貌以及丰富的矿产资源,是深海沉积物波形成演化研究的热点海域。本文系统总结了当前南海北部大陆边缘沉积物波相关研究进展,通过梳理前人关于南海沉积物波重点发育区域的系列工作,分析了自琼东南海域至台西南海域沉积物波的发育水深、坡度、波长、波高及波峰特征等内容,并讨论了不同区域沉积物波的成因机制与主控因素。其中台湾造山运动及北太平洋深部底流对台西南海域沉积物波影响强烈,珠江口海域则以内波作用为特点,同时发现南海沉积物波具有天然气水合物聚集的优越地质条件。但现有研究多局限于单一因素影响,缺少南海西南部沉积物波发育现状,缺乏海底原位观测手段。因此,后续研究应重视沉积物波形成的多因素动力过程耦合机制,深化南海南部沉积物波发育研究,同时加强海底地球物理探测技术和原位综合长期观测技术研究,为深入认识深海沉积物波形成演化过程提供技术支撑,助力海洋开发工程的安全建设。Studying the formation process of deep-sea sediment waves is of great significance for the reconstruction of paleoclimate, paleocean and paleotectonics, and it provides strong support for the development of marine oil and gas hydrate resources. The northern continental margin of the South China Sea is a focal area for such study because of its complex tectonic sedimentary system, unique topography and rich mineral resources. This paper systematically summarizes the recent progress in the relevant studies. Combing the results on the key regions of sediment-wave development in the South China Sea, this paper analyzes the development depth, slope, wavelength, wave height and wave peak characteristics of sediment waves from the sea areas of southeastern Hainan to southwestern Taiwan, and discusses the genetic mechanism and main controlling factors of sediment waves in different regions. It is found the Taiwan orogeny and the deep water of the North Pacific have a strong impact on the sediment waves in the southwestern Taiwan sea area, while the Pearl River Estuary sea area is mostly influenced by internal waves. It is also found the sediment waves in the South China Sea provide superior geological condition for gas hydrate accumulation. But most of the existing studies only consider a single influencing factor and lack of knowledge of the development status of sediment waves in the southern South China Sea, as in-situ seabed observation methods are also lacking. Therefore, future research should pay attention to multi-factor dynamic processes in sediment-wave formation, deepen the research on sediment-wave development in the southern South China Sea, and strengthen the research on seabed geophysical exploration technology and in-situ comprehensive long-term observation technology, so as to provide a scientific basis for in-depth understanding of the formation and evolutionary process of deep-sea sediment waves and enhance the safety of marine development projects.

关 键 词：南海北部 沉积物波 成因 发育特征 

分 类 号：P736.21[天文地球—海洋地质]