生物结皮快速培育及其防治茶果园水土流失的效果研究  

Study on the Rapid Cultivation of Biological Crust and Effect of Controlling Soil Erosion in the Tea Garden and Orchard

作　　者：谢建华 Xie Jianhua(Fujian Provincial Soil Conservation Experimental Station,Fuzhou Municipality of Fujian Province 350003)

机构地区：[1]福建省水土保持试验站,福建福州350003

出　　处：《亚热带水土保持》2022年第4期17-21,共5页Subtropical Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：福建省水利科技项目:生物结皮培育及其在茶果园水土流失治理中的应用研究(MSK202010)。

摘　　要：本研究从福建多地采集土壤原自然发育的生物结皮样品中分离出1株能长期耐受干旱胁迫而复水后能快速恢复生长的土生对齿藓(Didymodon vinealis(Brid.) Zand.),通过研究其生物学特性以及在不同营养液中的生长情况,选定Hoagland营养液为最佳营养液,通过喷施调环酸钙(Pro-Ca)试验,表明75mg/L浓度调环酸钙能促进土生对齿藓的盖度、株密度生长,而125mg/L却抑制了其生长,由此建立该生物结皮室内快速培育的基本方法。在室外培养生长3个月后,模拟茶果园梯壁进行人工降雨土壤侵蚀试验,表明生物结皮能显著地改善土壤的团粒结构,提高蓄水保土能力。该生物结皮有望作为一种治理茶果园裸露梯壁水土流失的新方法。One strain of Didymodon vinealis(Brid.)Zand.,which can withstand drought stress for a long period and recover rapidly the growth after the rehydration,is separated for study from the naturally developed biological crust samples collected from various places of Fujian Province.Based on the study of the biological characteristics and the growth in different nutrient solutions,it is selected the Hoagland nutrient solution as the best nutrient solution.Through the experiment of spraying prohexadione calcium(Pro-Ca),it is showed that the Pro-Ca with the concentration of 75mg/L may promote the coverage and plant density growth of idymodon vinealis(Brid.)Zand.,while the Pro-Ca with the concentration of 125mg/L will inhibit the growth.Thus it is established the basic method for the indoor rapid cultivation of such biological crust.After 3 months’outdoor cultivation and growth,it is conducted the artificial rainfall soil erosion experiment on the simulated terrace wall in the tea garden and orchard.The result shows that,the biological crust can significantly improve the soil aggregate structure and improve the capacity of soil and water conservation.Such biological crust is expected to become the new method to control the soil loss of the exposed terrace in the tea garden and orchard.

关 键 词：生物结皮 培育 梯壁 水土保持 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]