自由贸易协定对中国出口贸易的影响——来自出口企业的微观证据  

The Impact of Free Trade Agreements on Export Trade of China: Micro-evidence From Export Enterprises

作　　者：赵家章[1] 杜妍 ZHAO Jia-zhang;DUYan

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学经济学院

出　　处：《国际经贸探索》2022年第11期4-19,共16页International Economics and Trade Research

基　　金：北京市教育委员会社科计划一般项目(SM202110038012);2022年度首都高端智库研究重大项目(GDZK20220107001)。

摘　　要：文章以中国缔结生效的FTA作为“准自然实验”,使用2000~2016年海关数据,利用多期双重差分法考察FTA对中国企业出口贸易的微观影响及作用机制。研究发现,FTA能促进中国企业出口贸易增长,且这一促进作用对缔结FTA条款深度水平较高的伙伴国、制度水平较高的东道国、同中国没有共同边界的进口国及外资和国有企业的出口贸易更为明显。机制检验结果表明,两国政治互信水平的提升和双边贸易成本的下降是FTA促进中国企业出口贸易增长的经济机制。进一步研究发现,中国企业出口贸易增长具体表现为出口产品数量、出口产品种类的增加和出口产品质量升级。研究结论不仅为FTA对企业出口贸易的促进作用提供了经验支持,同时为中国实现对外贸易稳步增长提供了一定参考。Taking free trade agreements(FTAs) concluded by China as a “quasi-natural experiment”, this paper uses the customs data from 2000 to 2016 to investigate the micro impact and the mechanism of FTAs on export trade of China’s enterprises with multi-period DID method. The research reveals that FTAs can promote the growth of export trade of China’s enterprises, and this promotion effect is more significant for export trade of the partner countries with a higher level of depth of FTAs terms, the host countries with a higher institutional level, the importing countries without shared borders with China, and foreign and state-owned enterprises. The result of mechanism test shows that the improvement of the level of political mutual trust between the two countries and the reduction of bilateral trade costs are the economic mechanisms for FTAs to promote the growth of export trade of China’s enterprises. Further research reveals that the growth of export trade of China’s enterprises is embodied in the increase in the quantity and variety of export products as well as the quality upgrading of export products. The research conclusions provide important policy reference for FTAs to play a better role in promoting export trade of the enterprises so as to realize the steady growth of China’s foreign trade.

关 键 词：自由贸易协定 出口产品种类 出口产品价格 出口产品质量 出口贸易 

分 类 号：F744[经济管理—国际贸易]