基于地质建造的河南省罗山县水土流失特征及其影响因素研究  

Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Erosion in Luoshan County,He’nan Province Based on Geological Formation

作　　者：杨涛[1] 董好刚[1] 李新 罗敏玄 吴丰 黄锦彦 谢翔 Yang Tao;Dong Haogang;Li Xin;Luo Minxuan;Wu Feng;Huang Jinyan;Xie Xiang(Changsha Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center of China Geological Survey,Changsha,Hu’nan 410600,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局长沙自然资源综合调查中心,湖南长沙410600

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2022年第5期151-157,180,共8页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目“大别山区西段生态修复支撑调查”(DD20208074)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析各地质建造单元的水土流失情况与生态地质特征之间的关系,为河南省罗山县水土流失防治规划与修复提供参考。[方法]基于修正的通用水土流失方程(RUSLE),利用遥感和GIS手段对河南省罗山县主要建造单元的水土流失的情况进行计算和统计,查清水土流失强度及面积;从地质建造及特征角度分析典型建造水土流失的影响因素。[结果]①由于形成时代、物质成分、地质背景不同,各建造单元生态地质特征存在差异;②罗山县水土流失分布具有明显的建造空间差异性,白垩纪酸性岩浆岩建造单元水土流失率高达50.1%,泥盆纪变类复理石建造水土流失率仅为13.5%。[结果]土壤结构、植被因子、地形坡度是影响水土流失分布差异的重要因素,在制定水土流失与修复规划时,应重点考虑相关因素。[Objective]The relationship between soil erosion of each formation unit and ecological geological characteristics was analyzed in order to provide a reference for soil erosion prevention and for control planning and restoration in Luoshan County,He’nan Province.[Methods]Based on the revised universal soil loss equation(RUSLE),soil erosion of main formation units in Luoshan County was calculated and counted by means of remote sensing and GIS,and the intensity and the area of soil erosion was determined.The influencing factors of soil erosion in a typical formation were then discussed from the perspectives of geological formation and characteristics.[Results]①Due to differences in formation times,material compositions,and geological backgrounds,the eco-geological characteristics of each formation unit were different;②The distribution of soil erosion in Luoshan County had obvious spatial differences.The soil erosion rate of the cretaceous acid magmatic rock formation unit was as high as 50.1%,while the soil erosion rate of the devonian metamorphic flysch formation unit was only 13.5%.[Conclusion]Soil structure,vegetation factors,and terrain slopes were important factors affecting the differences in soil erosion distribution,which should be considered in the planning of soil erosion prevention and rehabilitation.

关 键 词：地质建造 水土流失 影响因素 河南省罗山县 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]