大型交通建筑商业店铺火灾试验研究  

A fire experiment of commercial shops in large-scale transportation buildings

作　　者：杨龙龙 刘松涛 刘文利 樊莉 刘诗瑶 卫文彬 Yang Longlong;Liu Songtao;Liu Wenli;Fan Li;Liu Shiyao;Wei Wenbin(China Academy of Building Research,Beijing 100013,China;CABR Fire Safety Science&Technology Co.Ltd,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国建筑科学研究院有限公司,北京100013 [2]建研防火科技有限公司,北京100013

出　　处：《建筑科学》2022年第11期121-128,共8页Building Science

基　　金：大型交通建筑消防安全评估技术研究与工程应用(20190111330730002)。

摘　　要：为了研究大型交通建筑内商业店铺火灾发生、发展蔓延特点及燃烧特性参数,在40MW大型量热仪的基础上,搭建了全尺寸火灾试验平台,复现了典型大型交通建筑商业店铺的场景。通过室内和室外视频采集装置,记录火灾发展、蔓延过程。通过房间内热电偶树和玻璃窗内外的热电偶,测试得到了房间内不同高度、位置的温度场分布,总结了玻璃窗在试验火灾场景下的破坏特点。研究结果表明,轰燃发生在点火后809s。在点火400s~600s区间范围内,火场温度逐渐上升,最高温度在700℃左右,但在600s~800s区间温度呈缓慢下降趋势。800s后温度有短暂的上升随后逐渐下降。试验过程中火灾热释放速率最大为12.9MW,最大燃烧增长速率指数为1.2MW/s。研究结果对大型交通建筑中相同或类似场景下的火灾模拟、人员疏散有重要参考意义。In order to study the fire occurrence, development and spread characteristics and combustion characteristic parameters of commercial network in large-scale transportation buildings, based on the 40 MW larger-scale cone calorimeter, a full-scale fire test platform is built, and the scene of a typical large-scale transportation building commercial store is reproduced. The process of fire development and spread is recorded using indoor and outdoor video capture devices. The temperature distribution characteristic at different heights and locations in the simulated store is tested with thermocouple trees amounted both inside the store and on the suface of glass wall. The damage characteristics of glass windows in this typical fire scene is gained. The results show that flashover occurs 809 s after ignition. In the time range of 400 s to 600 s after ignition, the temperature of the fire site gradually rises, the highest temperature is about 700℃. However, the temperature show a slow downward trend in the range of 600 s to 800 s. 800 s after ignition, the temperature increases briefly and then gradually decreases. The maximum valure of fire heat release rate is 12.9 MW, and the maximum fire growth rate index is 1.2 MW/s. The findings and data will have important reference significance for fire simulation and evacuation in the same or similar scenes in large-scale transportation buildings.

关 键 词：大型交通建筑 商业店铺火灾 火灾试验 温度场 热释放速率 

分 类 号：TU317[建筑科学—结构工程]