COMSOL仿真在声波谐振管实验中的应用  

Application of COMSOL simulation to acoustic resonant tube experiment

作　　者：李春熠 胡安琦 张格格 白在桥[1] 俞骁翀 LI Chun-yi;HU An-qi;ZHANG Ge-ge;BAI Zai-qiao;YU Xiao-chong(Department of Physics,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学物理学系,北京100875

出　　处：《大学物理》2022年第11期58-64,76,共8页College Physics

摘　　要：本文以声波谐振管为例介绍了COMSOL数值仿真软件在基础物理实验教学中的应用.在简要说明COMSOL软件的使用方法之后,本文介绍了3个具体的实验.首先计算了管口附近的声压分布,揭示了一维声波模型与实际情况的差别;然后仿真了管内声探测器(麦克风)对谐振频率的影响,发现探测器的尺寸和位置都会影响谐振频率的移动;最后计算了一端部分封闭管的谐振频率,所得结果与实测值符合很好,验证了仿真实验的准确性.以上实验表明将数值仿真引入基础物理实验教学,不仅可以加深学生对实验的理解,还锻炼了学生处理实际问题的能力.In this paper,COMSOL Multiphysics simulation is applied to acoustic resonant tube experiment.First the sound pressure distribution in the vicinity of tube end is calculated and the departure from the picture given by one-dimensional wave appxoimation is visulized.Then,the shift of resonant frequency is investigated due to the existence of sound detector(microphone).The result shows that the shift,which may be positive as well as negative,depends on the size and position of sound detactor.Finally,the resonant frequency of a tube with partly closed end is calculated and find that the numerical results agree with the mearsured values quite well.The stduy shows that numerical simulations can be applied to undergraduate physics laboratory to help students achieving a better understanding of experiments and endow them with a powerful tool to tackle practical problems.

关 键 词：声波谐振管 数值仿真 有限元法 

分 类 号：O4-39[理学—物理]