无碱活化的生物质衍生碳:一种适应于多种金属离子的电容脱盐电极材料  

Biomass-derived Carbon Without Alkali Activation:an Efficient Functional Capacitive Desalination Material for Various Metal Ions

作　　者：曹宗仑 孙杰[1] 练越 张淮浩[2] CAO Zonglun;SUN Jie;LIAN Yue;ZHANG Huaihao(SINOPEC Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry,Beijing 100013,China;School of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225002,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司北京化工研究院,北京100013 [2]扬州大学化学化工学院,江苏扬州225002

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第24期10-15,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2102205);中石化重点项目(321018)。

摘　　要：电容脱盐是一项绿色环保、低成本、低能耗的新技术,其中,研发高性能的电极材料是该技术的关键所在。本工作以低成本的生物质为原料,采用无需强碱或熔融盐等活化剂的绿色方法制备了介孔生物质衍生碳(NC),制备过程使用的化学试剂均可回收并能再次使用,符合当下绿色发展的理念。将制得的衍生碳作为电极材料应用于电容脱盐领域,研究结果表明,生物质衍生碳中丰富的杂原子缺陷和表面官能团赋予其优异的亲水性和赝电容特性。高通透介孔结构的生物质衍生碳不仅能够有效脱除盐水中的NaCl(在1.2 V的电压下,NC对NaCl的吸附量可以达到49.3 mg·g^(-1)),而且对Cr^(3+)、Co^(2+)等金属盐离子也有很好的脱除效果(在20 min内可脱除78.8%盐离子)。本研究可为电容脱盐领域电极碳材料的制备提供一种绿色和谐的方案。As a new and green technology,capacitance desalination has the advantage of low cost and energy consumption.Thereinto,the selection of electrode material is key to this technology.In this work,a low-cost biomass-derived carbon(NC),as the electrode material with excellent desalination efficiency,can construct high permeability mesoporous structure without conventional alkali or molten salt activator usage.All the chemical reagents used in preparation process can be recycled and reused,which is in line with the current theme of green development.Meanwhile,the abundant heteroatomic defects and surface functional groups in biomass-derived carbon afford good hydrophilic and pseudocapacitive properties.A capacitive desalting device,assembled by NC as electrode material,can effectively remove NaCl in brine(Under the voltage of 1.2 V,the adsorption capacity of NaCl could reach 49.3 mg·g^(-1)),and metal salts as well,such as Cr^(3+),Co^(2+)(78.8%salt ions can be desalted in 20 minutes).

关 键 词：生物质碳 电容脱盐 无碱活化 介孔 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]