调湿材料吸放湿性能评价方法综述  

Adsorption and Desorption Performance Evaluation Methods for Hygroscopic Materials:a Review

作　　者：崔雨萌 张宇峰[1] CUI Yumeng;ZHANG Yufeng(State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science,School of Architecture,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院,亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第24期39-46,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家公派出国留学项目(201906150064)。

摘　　要：不良湿环境对居住者的健康与舒适、结构耐久性及建筑能耗产生不利影响。许多建筑因偏重温度而弱化或忽视湿度的设计与调节,使得湿相关的问题频发。充分利用调湿材料是一种零能耗、绿色的调节室内湿环境的方式,在建筑领域有着广阔的应用前景。吸放湿性能评价是调湿材料研发和应用的基础,目前可从材料、系统和房间三个层级展开。材料层级考察材料的湿物性参数,基础性强,可直观精准地表达材料自身的特点,测试方法均已成熟和标准化,但测试周期长,现有的材料数据库不完备,评价指标的功能受限。系统层级在实验室营造的动态条件下展开,测试简便快速,兼顾实际房间边界情况,与其他两个层级相比独具优势,但存在指标误用、对实际敏感性因素考虑不足的问题。房间层级真实反映实际场景下材料与房间的表现,评价结果最可靠,但现有评价指标受限,测试方法不统一。近年来的研究更为深入,材料性能在标准和实际环境中的差异在材料层级受到关注,湿缓冲值的实际敏感性因素在系统层级得到研究,房间层级则通过新的计算或性能指标以寻求更科学的评价方法。未来研究还可关注三层级间的内在联系,建立交互通道,形成“材料-构造-空间”的综合评价体系。本文以调湿材料的吸放湿性能评价方法为主要对象,分别从材料、系统、房间三个层级系统整理和探讨现有各评价指标与方法的特点与区别、用途与局限,为其正确理解、合理使用和进一步的研究发展提供参考。Poor humid environment has adverse effects on occupants’ health and comfort,structure durability and building energy consumption. Humidityrelated problems occur frequently in many buildings due to the focus on the design and control of temperature and the weakening or neglect of humidity. Making full use of hygroscopic materials is a zero-energy-consumption and green way of indoor humid environment conditioning,which has broad application prospects in the construction field. Adsorption and desorption performance evaluation is the basis of development and application of hygroscopic materials,which currently can be carried out from three levels of material,system,and room. At the material level,the hygric properties of materials are examined. It is highly fundamental and can intuitively and accurately express the characteristics of materials with the mature and standardized test methods. It is yet limited on the long test cycle,the incomplete material database,and the limited function of evaluation indicators. At the system level,the material performance is evaluated under the dynamic conditions created by the laboratory. It has unique advantages compared with the other two levels as the test is simple and fast and the actual room boundary is partly taken into account. Some problems still need to be faced,such as misuse of indicators and insufficient consideration of actual sensitivity factors. At the room level,the performances of materials and rooms are truly evaluated in the actual scene. The evaluation at this level is the most reliable,but the existing evaluation indicators are quite limited and the test methods are not unified. In recent years,the research has been more in-depth. More attention was paid at the material level to the materials’ properties differences in the standard and actual environments,the actual sensitivity factors of moisture buffer value were investigated at the system level,and more scientific evaluation methods were proposed at the room level based on the new calculation or perform

关 键 词：调湿材料 评价指标 测试方法 湿缓冲 

分 类 号：TU551[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]