定向凝固金属间化合物的研究进展  

Research Progress in Directionally Solidified Intermetallic Compounds

作　　者：王妍 崔春娟[1,2] 张凯 邓力[1] 刘薇 刘跃[1] 赵亚男 武重洋 WANG Yan;CUI Chunjuan;ZHANG Kai;DENG Li;LIU Wei;LIU Yue;ZHAO Yanan;WU Chongyang(School of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi an,710055,China;Shaanxi Province Metallurgical Engineering Technology Research Center,Xi an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,西安710055 [2]陕西省冶金工程技术研究中心,西安710055

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第24期131-138,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51201121);陕西省重点研发计划重点产业创新链(群)项目(2019ZDLGY04-04);山西省科技重大专项项目(20191102006)。

摘　　要：金属间化合物具有高熔点、高强度、良好的抗氧化和耐腐蚀等性能,被广泛应用于航空航天、能源动力、冶金工程等方面,然而金属间化合物的室温脆性限制了其发展及应用。目前常采用热处理、合金化、机械合金化等技术手段解决金属间化合物室温脆性的问题。其中,采用定向凝固技术制备的共晶自生复合材料受到了广泛的关注,该技术通过控制凝固参数,改变材料组织和相组成来提高材料性能。本文介绍了Ni-Al系、Ti-Al系、Nb-Si系、Fe-Al系几种常见金属间化合物,简述了几种常见金属间化合物的性能及特点,总结了定向凝固Ni-Al系、Ti-Al系、Nb-Si系、Fe-Al系金属间化合物的组织特征、性能特点、应用情况,并展望了定向凝固金属间化合物未来的发展方向。Intermetallic compounds with high melting point,high strength,good oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance are widely used in aerospace,energy and power,metallurgical engineering,etc.However,the room temperature brittleness of intermetallic compounds restricts their development and practical applications.Currently,heat treatment,alloying,mechanical alloying and other technologies are used to overcome their room temperature brittleness.Among them,eutectic in-situ composite materials prepared by directional solidification technology have received extensive attention.The microstructure and phase composition of the material are changed to improve properties by controlling the solidification parameters.In this article,Ni-Al,Ti-Al,Nb-Si and Fe-Al intermetallic compounds are introduced and their performance and characteristics are described.The microstructure,properties,application,and the future development of Ni-Al,Ti-Al,Nb-Si and Fe-Al intermetallic compounds formed by directional solidification are summarized and the future development of directionally solidified intermetallic compounds is discussed.

关 键 词：定向凝固 金属间化合物 室温脆性 共晶自生复合材料 

分 类 号：TG2443[金属学及工艺—铸造] O782[理学—晶体学]