初诊孤独症儿童家庭生活质量及其相关因素的研究  

Family quality of life in parements of children initially diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and the influencing factors

作　　者：邓涛 陈妙盈[2] 黄宝琴[3] 冯永申 刘劭菲 张利峰[1] Deng Tao;Chen Miaoying;Huang Baoqin;Feng Yongshen;Liu Shaofei;Zhang Lifeng(School of Nursing,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,510080;Children Developmental Behaviour Centre,Lingnan Hospital,the Third Affiliated Hospitalof Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,510530,China;Department of Gynaecology,Obstetrics and Paediatrics,Lingnan Hospital,the Third Affiliated Hospitalof Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,510530,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学护理学院,广东广州510080 [2]中山大学附属第三医院岭南医院儿童发育行为中心,广东广州510530 [3]中山大学附属第三医院岭南医院妇产儿,广东广州510530

出　　处：《现代临床护理》2022年第9期19-27,共9页Modern Clinical Nursing

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目,项目编号为21YJAZH117。

摘　　要：目的调查初诊孤独症儿童的家庭生活质量满意度并分析其相关因素。方法采用便利抽样法,2020年10月至2021年4月,选取在广州市某三级甲等综合医院儿童行为中心就诊的288名初诊孤独症儿童父母为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、比奇中心家庭生活质量量表、简易应对方式量表、父母育儿胜任感量表及社会支持评定量表对其进行调查。多元线性回归分析探讨影响初诊孤独症儿童家庭生活质量相关因素。结果初诊孤独症儿童家庭生活质量满意度总分(86.08±15.42)分。采取不同应对倾向的儿童父母其家庭生活质量的满意度存在差异,积极应对方式家长的家庭生活质量满意度更高(P<0.01);孤独症儿童家庭生活质量总分与育儿胜任感、社会支持分别呈正相关(均P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,家庭人均月收入、育儿胜任感、社会支持是孤独症儿童家庭生活质量满意度的主要影响因素(P<0.01)。结论初诊孤独症儿童家庭生活质量的满意度总体处于中等偏上水平。增强父母的育儿胜任感,提供有效的社会支持,有利于改善初诊孤独症儿童家庭的生活质量。Objective To investigate the satisfaction with the family quality of life(FQOL)of the parents of children initially diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)and to explore the influencing factors of the ASD.Methods A total of 288 parents of children who were initially diagnosed with ASD from the Children Developmental Behaviour Centre of a general hospital in Guangzhou were enrolled by convenience sampling for the survey with a general information questionnaire,Parenting sense of competence scale,social support rating scale,simplified coping style questionnaire and beach centre family quality of life scale.Results The total score of FQOL was 86.08±15.42,which was at a medium level.There was a significant difference in FQOL of the parents in different coping styles(P<0.01).The parents who preferred positive coping styles showed higher level of satisfaction of FQOL than those who preferred negative coping styles.FQOL was positively related to parenting sense of competence and social support(P<0.01).By multiple linear regression analysis,parenting sense of competence and social support were the protective factors of FQOL,and they predicted with a 34.4%variance of the total FQOL.Conclusions FQOL of the parents of children who are initially diagnosed with ASD is at a medium level.It is suggested different intervention measures should be taken pertinent to different influencing factors.Enhancing the parenting sense of competence in parenting and providing effective social support are beneficial to improve the FQOL of parents of children initially diagnosed with ASD.

关 键 词：孤独症 家庭生活质量 育儿胜任感 社会支持 应对方式 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]