考虑饵料生长的生态流量过程分析——以黑水河松新河段为例  

Analysis OF Ecological Flow Process Considering Bait Growth——Taking the Songxin Section of the Heishui River as an Example

作　　者：鲁芸 刘清园 成必新 孙干 由丽华[2] LU Yun;LIU Qing-yuan;CHENG Bi-xin;SUN Gan;YOU Li-hua(State Key Laboratory cf Hydraulics&Mountain River Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Sichuan Zipingpu Development Co.,LTD,Chengdu 610091,China;Shanghai Investigation,Design and Research Institute Corporation Limited,Shanghai 200335,China;China Three Gorges Construction(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,成都610065 [2]四川省紫坪铺开发有限责任公司,成都610091 [3]上海勘测设计研究院有限公司,上海200335 [4]中国三峡建工(集团)有限公司,成都610041

出　　处：《四川环境》2022年第6期33-39,共7页Sichuan Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发课题:变化环境下水源区水资源禀赋与可调水量研究(2022YFC3202403)。

摘　　要：目前生态流量研究大多只考虑了鱼类完成产卵活动所需水力生境条件,很少考虑其余生长时段的需求。以金沙江左岸一级支流黑水河干流典型减水河段——松新减水河段为例,考虑了短须裂腹鱼产卵期的水力生境需求及饵料生长的生态水力学偏好特征。使用河道内流量增量法确定了不同时期的生态基流量,并结合河段涨落水变化及流量脉冲特征推求了考虑饵料生长的生态流量过程。结果表明,该河段内短须裂腹鱼产卵期适宜的生态基流量为13.4m^(3)/s,产卵期前后适宜饵料生长的生态基流量为8.28 m^(3)/s。研究结果可为已建电站减水河段生态修复工作提供依据,同时从鱼类多生命阶段需求为生态流量研究提供新思路。At present,most ecological flow studies only consider the hydraulic habitat conditions required by fish to complete spawning activities,and rarely consider the needs of other growth periods.In this paper,the typical reduced water reach of the main stream of Heishui River in the Left Bank of Jinsha River is taken as an example,taking Schizosthorax wangchiachii(S.wangchiachii.)as the main research object,considering the hydraulic habitat demand of S.wangchiachii.during spawning period and the ecological hydraulics preference characteristics of bait growth,the ecological basic flow in different periods was determined by using the method of increment of flow in river channel.In order to simulate the ecological stimulation of natural runoff to the spawning of S.wangchiachii.,the ecological flow process considering the growth of bait was deduced in this paper.The results showed that the optimum ecological basal flow of S.wangchiachii.during spawning period was 13.4 m/s,and the optimum ecological basal flow of feeding before and after spawning period was 8.28 m/s.The results can provide a basis for the ecological restoration of the reduced water reach of the built power station,and provide a new idea for the study of ecological flow from the needs of fish in multiple life stages.

关 键 词：短须裂腹鱼 底栖硅藻 产卵期 河道内流量增量法 生态流量过程 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]