史念海历史民族地理研究的特点与变化  

The Characteristics and Changes of Shi Nianhai’s Chinese Historical Ethnic Geography Research

作　　者：张博 Zhang Bo

机构地区：[1]西北大学历史学院,710127

出　　处：《史学理论研究》2022年第6期146-156,160,共12页Historiography Bimonthly

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“西北地区发展的历史经验研究”(项目编号:17JJD770012)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：史念海自20世纪30年代起,在多个领域的研究中关注历史民族地理问题。相较于政治史、民族史等领域的研究,史念海突破传统片面强调血缘、族别的观念,立足于各民族所居多元地理环境,从民众在生产生活中的人地互动和族际互动入手,基于动态分析的视角,从疆域沿革、农牧分界线变迁、农牧区域盈缩、生态环境变化等过程,对民族空间分布变迁、民族交流融合、民族区域开发等问题展开深入研究,并直面社会现实问题与需求,这些理念与方法至今仍有重要借鉴意义。值得注意的是,这些研究特点并非在短期内形成,而是经历了较长的发展和变化,并与不同的社会时代背景紧密联系,学术性与致用性形成共振。Since the 1930s,Shi Nianhai had been focusing on historical ethnic geography in his research in many fields.Compared with research in the fields of political history and ethnic history,he overcame the narrow focuses of biological and ethnic connections and promoted an approach to placing the issue within the context of the diversified frontier geographical environment where various ethnic groups co-inhabited.Through an interactive analysis of the relationship between human and environment and of the inter-ethnic interactions,he developed the method of dynamic analysis.He followed the changes in various geographical units such as political borders,agrarian and nomadic divides,pastoral areas,and ecological systems and conducted in-depth research on issues such as changes in the spatial distribution of ethnic groups,ethnic exchanges and fusion,and economic development of ethnic regions.In doing so,he did not shun away from social issues and needs.His works still remain significant today.He did not achieve these featured works overnight.Instead,he had been working on them over the time,during which he constantly adapted to demands driven by various times,forming a resonance between theory and practice.

关 键 词：史念海 历史民族地理 史学理论 民族研究 

分 类 号：K901.9[历史地理—人文地理学] K092