袁宏道性灵文学中的“边缘人心态”及其理论弊端  

Yuan Hongdao’s“Marginal Mentality”in Spiritual Literature and Its Theoretical Disadvantages

作　　者：马昕 MA Xin(School of Literature,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China;Institute of Literature,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学文学院,北京102488 [2]中国社会科学院文学研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第6期148-161,共14页Journal of Soochow University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：袁宏道的文学创作与思想,根源于一种“边缘人心态”,具体表现为孤傲、疏狂的性格特征,归隐或游历的生活方式,以及带有异端色彩的思想观念。这种心态发源于袁宏道人生的早期阶段,与其家庭环境、地域文化心理和思想文化氛围密不可分。到其中后期,仕隐矛盾加剧,边缘人心态有逐渐模糊化的趋势。袁宏道诗文创作风格的变化以及性灵文学思想的确立,都以这种边缘人心态为基础,其中暴露了袁宏道的诸多理论错误。正是这些,导致袁宏道及其所代表的公安派无法成为引领晚明文学潮流的核心力量。Yuan Hongdao’s literary creation and thoughts were rooted in the“marginal mentality”,which was embodied in his proud and arrogant personality,his reclusive or traveling lifestyle,and his heretical thoughts.This kind of mentality originated from the early stage of Yuan Hongdao’s life and was inseparable from his family environment,regional cultural psychology and ideological cultural atmosphere.In the middle and later period,as the contradiction between official career and reclusive life was intensified,the marginal mentality was gradually blurred.The change of Yuan Hongdao’s poetic style and the establishment of his spiritual literary thoughts were based on this marginal psychology,which had exposed many theoretical errors.Because of this,Yuan Hongdao and the Gong’an School he represented could not become the core force of leading the literary trend of the late Ming Dynasty.

关 键 词：袁宏道 边缘人心态 性灵文学 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]