冲击载荷作用下Al/PTFE活性材料的非均相化学反应模型  

Heterogeneous chemical reaction model of Al/PTFE reactive materials under impact load

作　　者：田伟玺 何源[1] 王传婷 郭磊[1] 周杰 Tian Weixi;He Yuan;Wang Chuanting;Guo Lei;Zhou Jie(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Hubei Aerospace Vehicle Research Institute,Wuhan 430035,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]湖北航天飞行器研究所,湖北武汉430035

出　　处：《南京理工大学学报》2022年第6期659-670,共12页Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NSFC51601095,BK20160832)。

摘　　要：为了描述铝/聚四氟乙烯(Al/PTFE)活性材料冲击反应的能量释放行为,建立了可用于计算冲击引发化学反应行为的非均相化学反应动力学模型。在准密闭反应容器中进行了活性材料的冲击释能实验,测量了活性材料在800~1200 m/s冲击速度下的冲击反应压力和能量释放持续时间。在非均相化学反应动力学模型中,考虑反应物初始冲击温度、颗粒粒径、反应增长速率和界面间的传质过程,对Al/PTFE活性材料的反应行为和能量释放特性进行了计算。反应行为计算结果表明,在500~1700 K初始温度区间,Al/PTFE活性材料的完全反应时间随初始温度的升高可以从s级减小至ms级。在相同初始温度下,随着金属颗粒尺寸增大,完全反应时间增加。界面化学反应对反应时间的贡献占比为50%~96%,表明界面化学反应是Al和PTFE间反应的主要控速步骤。能量释放特性的计算结果在趋势上符合实验结果,验证了非均质模型的合理性。In order to describe the energy release behavior of Aluminum/Polytetrafluoroethylene(Al/PTFE)reactive materials in response to impact reaction,a heterogeneous chemical reaction kinetic model is established to calculate the behavior of impact-induced chemical reaction.The impact energy release test of the reactive materials is carried out in a quasi-sealed reaction chamber,and the impact reaction pressure and energy release duration of the active material at impact speed of 800~1200 m/s are measured.In the heterogeneous reaction model,the reaction behavior and energy release characteristics of Al/PTFE active materials are calculated considering the mass transfer process between the reaction interfaces,the initial impact temperature of the material,the particle size and the reaction growth rate.The calculation results of reaction behavior show that the complete reaction time of Al/PTFE active materials can be reduced from second level to millisecond level with the increase of initial temperature in the range of 500~1700 K.At a same initial temperature,the complete reaction time increased with the increase of the particle size of the metal particles.The contribution of the interface chemical reaction to the reaction time ranges from 50%to 96%,indicating that the interface chemical reaction is the main rate-controlling step of the reaction between Al and PTFE.The calculated results of the energy release characteristics are consistent with the experimental results in trend,which verified the rationality of the heterogeneous model.

关 键 词：冲击载荷 铝/聚四氟乙烯 活性材料 非均相反应 化学反应 初始冲击温度 颗粒粒径 反应增长速率 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术]