低温液氢泄漏至地面形成液池的研究进展  

Research Progress of the Formation of Liquid Pool by Low-temperature Liquid Hydrogen Leaking to the Ground

作　　者：闫兴清[1] 戴行涛 金鑫 喻健良[1] 李岳[1] 刘岩 韩冰 YAN Xingqing;DAI Xingtao;JIN Xin;YU Jianliang;LI Yue;LIU Yan;HAN Bing(School of Chemical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology;Dalian Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspection and Research Institute Co.,Ltd;Key Laboratory of Gas Cylinders Safety Technology for State Market Regulation)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学化工学院,辽宁省大连市116024 [2]大连锅炉压力容器检验检测研究院有限公司 [3]国家市场监管重点实验室(气瓶安全技术)

出　　处：《油气与新能源》2022年第6期82-90,100,共10页Petroleum and new energy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52174167);大连理工大学先进石化装备与安全系统创新团队(DUT2020TB03)。

摘　　要：采用低温方法将氢气转变为液氢,是高密度储氢技术的有效方式,而液氢泄漏是液氢储存技术的关键安全问题,也是研究后续扩散、池火、气云爆炸等灾害的源头问题。基于此,叙述了低温液氢泄漏风险场景及泄漏流量确定方法,归纳和评述了液氢泄漏至地面形成液池这一风险场景的实验研究、理论及模型研究、基于计算流体动力学的数值模拟研究等。结果表明:液氢泄漏可能形成气相射流、气液两相射流但未在地面形成液池、气液两相流射流且在地面形成液池3种场景;泄漏流量的确定是液氢泄漏风险评估的重点;现有实验研究基本理解了液氢泄漏至地面形成液池过程的物理现象,仍需理论及模拟方法辅助开展系统、深入研究;基于计算流体动力学的液氢泄漏模拟重难点包括泄漏源项处理、气化模型、湍流模型及计算经济性等。Converting hydrogen into liquid hydrogen at low temperature proves an effective way of high-density hydrogen storage technology.Liquid hydrogen leakage remains the key safety problem of liquid hydrogen storage technology,and it is also the source problem of subsequent disasters like diffusion,pool fire and gas cloud explosion.Based on this,the article discusses the risk scenario of low-temperature liquid hydrogen leakage and the method of determining leakage flow,and summarizes and evaluates the experimental research,theoretical and model research,numerical simulation research based on computational fluid dynamics concerning the risk scenario of liquid hydrogen leaking to the ground and forming the liquid pool.As a result,there are three scenarios in which liquid hydrogen leakage may give rise to gas-phase jet,gas-liquid two-phase jet but no liquid pool is formed on the ground,or gas-liquid two-phase flow jet and liquid pool;determining the leakage flow rate is key to liquid hydrogen leakage risk assessment;the existing experimental research basically understood the physical phenomenon of liquid hydrogen leakage to the ground and form liquid pool,but it is still necessary to carry out systematic and in-depth research with the help of theory and simulation methods;the key difficulties of liquid hydrogen leakage simulation built on computational fluid dynamics include leakage source term processing,gasification model,turbulence model as well as the economy of calculation.

关 键 词：液氢 泄漏 液池 扩展气化 计算流体动力学模拟 

分 类 号：TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]