宁夏中部干旱带黄花菜不同套种模式试验研究  

Experimental Study on Different Intercropping Methods of Daylily in the Arid Zone of Central Ningxia

作　　者：张清云[1] 刘新成 安钰[1] Zhang Qingyun;Liu Xincheng;An Yu(Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002;Ningxia Zhongxinrun Modern Agricultural Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Hongsibu,Ningxia 751900)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院林业与草地生态研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏中新润现代农业工程有限公司,宁夏红寺堡751900

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》2022年第7期28-30,37,共4页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目“宁夏中部干旱带黄花菜规范化栽培关键技术研究”(2019BBF02023);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目“红寺堡区黄花菜高效节水农业科技示范展示区”(2020ZDYF0854);农业重大实用技术推广项目(首席专家项目)“黄花菜无污染制干关键技术集成与示范”。

摘　　要：【目地】为探索宁夏中部干旱带黄花菜最佳套种模式,提高黄花菜产量及经济效益,进行不同套种模式黄花菜农艺性状、产量及套种作物产量和经济效益比较试验。【方法】采用小区对比试验,设计5个黄花菜与其他作物套种模式,以黄花菜单种作为对照,筛选出黄花菜最佳套种模式。【结果】黄花菜套种矮秆作物对黄花菜株高、叶长、叶宽、分蘖数、抽薹数和薹高等影响较小,黄花菜套种高秆作物玉米对黄花菜的农艺性状影响较大。黄花菜套种作物对黄花菜的花蕾数、花蕾长、花蕾重、产量等有影响,尤其以套种玉米影响最显著。黄花菜套种经济效益优于单种,其中黄花菜套种辣椒净收益最高,为27 480.2元·hm,其次是黄花菜套种西瓜的净收益为27 322.0元·hm。【结论】黄花菜套种大豆、套种马铃薯净收益分别为22 398.9元·hm、21 794.8元·hm,这2种套种模式受地域和水肥条件影响小,可在扬黄灌区大面积推广应用。[Objective] In order to explore the optimum intercropping mode of daylily in the arid zone of central Ningxia, and improve the yield and economic benefit of daylily, a comparative experiment was carried out on agronomic traits, yield, and intercropping crop yield and economic benefit of daylily with different intercropping modes. [Methods] A plot comparison experiment was performed to design 5 intercropping patterns of daylily and other crops, and the single planting of daylily was used as a control, to screen out the optimal intercropping pattern of daylily. [Results] Daylily interplanting with dwarf crops has little effect on daylily plant height, leaf length, leaf width, tiller number, bolting number and height of stalks, while daylily interplanting with high stalk corn has a greater impact on agronomic characters of daylily. Daylily interplanting crops have an impact on the number, length, weight of flower bud, yield, of daylily. The interplanting corn has the most significant effect. The economic benefits of interplanting daylily are better than that of single planting, among which the net income of interplanting pepper with daylily was the highest, which was 27 480.2 yuan·hm, followed by the net income of interplanting watermelon with daylily, which is 27 322 yuan·hm. The net income of interplanting soybean and potato were 22 398.9 yuan·hmand 21 794.8 yuan·hm, respectively. [Conclusion] These two intercropping modes are less affected by geographical and water and fertilizer conditions, and can be widely applied in Ningxia Yanghuang irrigation area.

关 键 词：黄花菜 中部干旱带 套种模式 

分 类 号：S644.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]