杂交大豆苗期对干旱胁迫的生理响应  

Physiological response of hybrid soybean to drought stress

作　　者：杨玉花 雷阳 白志元 陈妍 张海平 张瑞军 YANG Yu-hua;LEI Yang;BAI Zhi-yuan;CHEN Yan;ZHANG Hai-ping;ZHANG Rui-jun(Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research,Shanxi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau,Ministry of Agriculture/Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops,Taiyuan 030031,China;College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农业基因资源研究中心/农业部黄土高原作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室/杂粮种质资源发掘与遗传改良山西省重点实验室,太原030031 [2]山西农业大学园艺学院,太原030031

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第10期2303-2310,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科学院博士后基金(YCX2020BH4);中国博士后科学基金;山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2021L091);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金。

摘　　要：【目的】了解杂交大豆品种间抗旱性差异,从而选育耐旱杂交大豆品种。【方法】以3个杂交大豆为试验材料,在生长间采用不同浓度PEG-6000溶液(5%、10%和20%)水培模式模拟大豆苗期干旱胁迫,测定干旱胁迫后苗期叶片叶绿素含量、光合生理指标、渗透调节物含量以及抗氧化酶活性等,研究3个杂交大豆对干旱胁迫的生理响应及抗旱性。【结果】随着PEG-6000溶液浓度不断增加,检测到3个杂交大豆的相关抗旱指标存在显著性差异,大豆幼苗生长受到抑制逐步显著。其次检测大豆幼苗的叶绿素含量发现,随着PEG-6000溶液浓度增加其含量均呈现上升趋势,最显著的是优势豆-A-5。在大豆苗期光合生理指标方面,3个杂交大豆苗期叶片的净光合速率(P_(n))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、胞间二氧化碳浓度(C_(i))和气孔导度(G_(s))变化趋势呈现显著差异。分析不同处理条件下,不同大豆品种对干旱胁迫响应情况,结果显示随着大豆幼苗可以通过渗透调节和启动抗氧化防御系统应对干旱胁迫,并且随着胁迫程度增加,各物质含量有显著变化,而且不同品种间也存显著差异。隶属函数值法综合分析得出3个杂交大豆的抗旱性强弱顺序为:优势豆-A-5>杂交豆6号>晋豆48。【结论】杂交大豆可以通过光合抑制、渗透调节以及抗氧化酶活性等途径共同作用响应干旱胁迫,本研究筛选的优势豆-A-5可作为抗旱杂交大豆在黄淮海地区推广示范,同时也为后期杂交大豆抗旱育种提供重要参考。【Objective】The present paper aimed to understand the difference of drought resistance among hybrid soybean varieties, thus to select drought tolerant hybrid soybean varieties.【Method】3 hybrid soybean varieties were used as experimental materials and different concentrations of PEG-6000 solution(5%,10% and 20%) hydroponic model were used to simulate drought stress in soybean seedling stage. To identify the physiological response and drought resistance of 3 hybrid soybeans, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic physiological index, osmotic regulator content and antioxidant enzyme activity of leaves in seedling stage were measured after drought stress. 【Result】With the increasing concentration of PEG-6000 solution, there were significant differences in the related drought resistance indicators of the three hybrid soybeans and the growth of soybean seedlings was gradually significantly inhibited. The chlorophyll content of soybean seedlings was detected, and it was found that with the increase of PEG-6000 solution concentration, its content showed an upward trend, the most significant being dominant Hybrid soybean-A-5. In terms of photosynthetic physiological indexes of soybean seedlings, the variation trends of net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)), transpiration rate(T_(r)), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(C_(i)) and stomatal conductance(G_(s)) of leaves of three hybrid soybean seedlings showed significant differences. The response of different soybean varieties to drought stress under different treatment conditions was analyzed.The results showed that soybean seedlings could respond to drought stress through osmoregulation and activating antioxidant defense system was analyzed.The content of each substance changed significantly with the increase of stress degree. There were also significant differences among different varieties. The order of drought resistance of 3 hybrid soybeans was obtained by comprehensive analysis of membership function value method, Hybrid soybean-A-5> Hybrid soybean No.6>Jindo

关 键 词：杂交大豆 苗期 干旱胁迫 生理特性 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]