阳宗海流域土地利用景观格局时空变化分析  

Temporal and spatial changes of land use pattern in Yangzonghai basin

作　　者：孙晓莉[1] 郑毅[1] 赵然[2] 沈金祥[1] 田淑静[1] 费丽娜[1] SUN Xiao-li;ZHENG Yi;ZHAO Ran;SHEN Jin-xiang;TIAN Shu-jing;FEI Li-na(Yunnan Land and Resources Vocational College,Kunming 652501,China;College of Management,Xuzhou University of Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南国土资源职业学院,昆明652501 [2]徐州工程学院管理学院,江苏徐州221000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第10期2387-2394,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41761081);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2021J0963、2019J0481);自然资源时空大数据应用技术科技创新团队(2021KJTD03)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究云南省阳宗海流域土地利用景观格局时空变化,促进湖泊流域生态环境的有效保护、合理利用与可持续发展。【方法】利用2005年、2010年、2015年、2020年4期数据,基于ArcGIS、Fragstats 4.2等软件,采用地学信息图谱、土地利用转移矩阵、景观格局指数、景观质心量测等对研究区土地利用景观格局、湖泊质心变化等进行分析。【结果】2005—2020年,建设用地和林地面积分别增加809.31、627.23 hm^(2),耕地和未利用地面积分别减少816.45、707.92 hm^(2),园地、草地等地类面积变化不大;从地学信息图谱和土地利用转移矩阵来看,新增建设用地除了道路等基础配套设施外,主要分布于阳宗海北部和西南侧,增加来源地类主要为耕地、未利用地和林地等。林地增加来源地类主要为耕地和未利用地,整个研究区均有分布,主要受到“退耕还林”政策影响及开垦未利用地等;从景观格局指数来看,2005—2010年研究区受人类社会经济活动等因素干扰,景观破碎化程度增加。2010年以后,随着当地实施一系列政策治理和保护阳宗海流域,景观格局逐步向着聚集方向发展,且研究区景观多样性和景观优势度虽有小幅变化,但相对稳定;阳宗海湖泊面积2005—2015年出现减少,但2010—2015年与2005—2010年相比,湖泊面积缩小趋势减缓,2015—2020年湖泊面积出现增加,增加70.24 hm^(2)。阳宗海湖泊形状指数和分维数呈现越来越复杂的趋势,说明当地“退耕还湖”“河道治理”等举措成效显著,阳宗海湖泊质心2005—2010年、2010—2015年向东北方向分别偏移3.51、15.92 m, 2015—2020年向西南方向偏移22.74 m。【结论】摸清了阳宗海流域2005—2020年土地利用数量、转移矩阵及景观格局变化、阳宗海湖泊面积及质心偏移方向,为阳宗海湖泊及流域内土地利用、生态安全体系构建等提供数据支撑和决策依据。【Objective】Exploring the temporal and spatial changes of land use landscape pattern in Yangzonghai basin in Yunnan province, it can promote the ecological environment of the lake basin to be effective protection, rational utilization and sustainable development.【Method】Based on ArcGIS and Fragstats 4.2 and other software, the data from 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020 were selected to analyze the land use pattern and the change of lake centroid in the study area by using geographic information map, land use transfer matrix, landscape pattern index, and landscape centroid measurement. 【Result】From 2005 to 2020, the area of construction land and forest land increased by 809.31 and 627.23 hm^(2) respectively, the area of cultivated land and unused land decreased by 816.45 and 707.92 hm^(2), and the area of garden land, grassland and other land types almost remained the same;From the geoscience information atlas and land use transfer matrix, in addition to roads and other infrastructure facilities, the new construction land was mainly distributed in the north and southwest of Yangzonghai, and the increased source areas were mainly cultivated land, unused land and forest land. The increased sources of forest land were mainly cultivated land and unused land distributed throughout the area in the current study, which were mainly affected by the policy of ‘restoring the forest’ and the reclamation of unused land;From the perspective of landscape pattern index, the degree of landscape fragmentation increased from 2005 to 2010 due to the interference of human socio-economic activities and other factors in the studied area. After 2010, with the implementation of a series of local policies for governance and protection, the landscape pattern had gradually developed towards aggregation. At the same time, the landscape diversity and landscape dominance had changed slightly, but they were relatively stable in the studied area;The area of Yangzonghai lake decreased from 2005 to 2015, but the decrease of the lake area sl

关 键 词：阳宗海流域 土地利用 转移矩阵 景观格局 时空变化 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程]