不同甘蔗品种蔗茎纤维组分和力学性能差异分析  

Differences in fiber components and mechanical properties of sugarcane stems among different sugarcane varieties

作　　者：李直 林兆里 罗俊 张华 LI Zhi;LIN Zhao-li;LUO Jun;ZHANG Hua(Agricultural College,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学农学院,福州350000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第10期2405-2412,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业体系建设专项项目(CARS-17)。

摘　　要：【目的】甘蔗纤维组分的含量与分布比例是决定甘蔗茎秆力学性能的重要指标,分析甘蔗纤维组分与力学性能的关系,筛选出适合机械化收获的品种,对解决甘蔗机械化收获过程中难以控制收获质量具有重要意义。【方法】利用万用试验机测定5个常见甘蔗品种(柳城05136号、粤糖94-128号、桂糖42号、福农41号、热甘1号)蔗茎的弹性模量,同时利用高效液相色谱法和紫外分光光度法对其纤维素、半纤维素和木质素含量进行定量测量。【结果】弹性模量、纤维素、半纤维素、木质素含量在不同品种之间均差异显著。其中,纤维素、半纤维素、木质素的含量范围分别为:39.78%~49.10%、18.74%~23.63%、18.16%~24.01%,并且对不同部位处弹性模量的分析发现:蔗皮>蔗皮结>蔗芯结>蔗芯。相同品种中4个部位处的弹性模量存在显著性差异。在相关性方面,甘蔗蔗芯弹性模量与纤维素、半纤维素含量显著相关,而蔗皮的弹性模量则与纤维素含量显著相关,木质素含量则与蔗茎弹性模量之间无显著相关性。【结论】植物纤维素与半纤维素含量对甘蔗力学性能具有积极作用,选取高纤维组分的甘蔗品系将更有利于甘蔗种植过程中的抗倒伏与抗虫害,并对机械化收获产生正向影响。【Objective】The content and distribution ratio of sugarcane fiber components are important indicators for determining the mechanical properties of sugarcane stalks. The relationship between sugarcane fiber components and mechanical properties is analyzed, and varieties suitable for mechanized harvesting are selected, which will solve the problem of difficulty in controlling the harvest quality during the mechanized harvesting of sugarcane.【Method】Therefore, to study the effect of sugarcane fiber components on the mechanical properties of stems, the elastic modulus of sugarcane stems of five common sugarcane varieties(Liucheng 05136, Yuetang 94-128, Guitang 42, Funong 41, Regan 1)were measured by a universal testing machine. Its cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents were quantitatively measured. 【Result】The elastic modulus, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents significantly differed among different varieties. Among them, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content ranges were 39.78%-49.10%, 18.74%-23.63%, and 18.16%-24.01%, respectively. And the analysis of the elastic modulus at different parts found that the cane skin>cane skin knot>cane core knot>cane core. Significant differences in the elastic modulus at the four sites among the same breeds were significant. In terms of correlation, the elastic modulus of the sugarcane core was significantly correlated with the cellulose and hemicellulose content. In contrast, the elastic modulus of sugarcane peel was significantly associated with the cellulose content, and the lignin content had no significant relationship with the elastic modulus of the stem. 【Conclusion】The content of plant cellulose and hemicellulose has a positive effect on the mechanical properties of sugarcane. Selecting sugarcane lines with high fiber content will be more conducive to lodging and insect resistance during sugarcane planting and positively impact mechanized harvesting.

关 键 词：甘蔗 纤维组分 弹性模量 细胞壁 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]