中国农村低保制度的实施效果评估--基于老年人口的实证分析  

An Evaluation of the Policy Effect of China’s Rural Dibao Program: Empirical Evidence from Studying the Elderly

作　　者：汪然 Wang Ran(School of Humanity and Social Science,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang 212100,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学人文社科学院

出　　处：《社会保障评论》2022年第4期115-134,共20页Chinese Social Security Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“积极应对人口老龄化背景下加快养老服务体系建设研究”(20ZDA077);江苏科技大学青年科技创新项目(1192922105)。

摘　　要：本文从减贫理论和3-D福祉视角出发,以老年人为对象,从瞄准效果和福祉效应两个角度对农村低保制度的实施效果进行评估。研究发现:第一,农村低保制度瞄准效果欠佳,精准扶贫战略的实施在一定程度上提升了低保瞄准的公平性和精准性;第二,农村低保虽然显著改善了老年人的物质福祉,但同时也带来了其主观福祉的下降以及关系福祉的分化。认为通过改进低保识别方法,确立适度的低保标准,调整低保功能定位等多重措施,可以更好地发挥农村低保制度的实施效果。Based on poverty reduction theory and three-dimensional well-being framework, this paper evaluates the targeting effect and well-being effect of the rural Dibao program, especially for the elderly. The research fi nds that: fi rst, the targeting ef fect of the rural Dibao program is poor, though the implementation of the targeted poverty alleviation strategy has improved the fairness and accuracy of the targeting of the Dibao program to some extent;Second, although the rural Dibao has signifi cantly improved the material well-being of the elderly, it has also brought about the decline of their subjective well-being and the differentiation of relational well-being. This paper holds that the rural Dibao program can play a better role by improving its targeting methods, formulating proper benefi t levels,and adjusting its role and functions.

关 键 词：农村低保 实施效果 瞄准效果 福祉效应 老年人 

分 类 号：F323.89[经济管理—产业经济]