长白落叶松-水曲柳幼苗混交对落叶松球蚜指名亚种发生的影响  

Effects of Larix olgensis and Fraxinus mandshurica Seedlings in Mixed Plantation on the Occurrence of Adelges laricis laricis

作　　者：王楷 任英杰 乌恩泰 孟昭军 严善春 WangKai;Ren Yingjie;Wu Entai;Meng Zhaojun;Yan Shanchun(Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management,Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室(东北林业大学),哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第1期115-119,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(DL13BAX31)。

摘　　要：以位于黑龙江省尚志市的东北林业大学帽儿山实验林场苗圃为试验地,选取2年生长白落叶松(Larix olgensis)和1年生水曲柳(Fraxinus mandshurica)树苗,按照长白落叶松纯林、1(长白落叶松)∶1(水曲柳)带状混交、3(长白落叶松)∶3(水曲柳)带状混交的混交比例盆栽培养,设置3个苗区,盆栽苗的株行距为50 cm×50 cm,每个苗区设置14行×15株;供试树苗于2020年5月份种植,混交生长1 a后,于2021年5月初,分别统计长白落叶松纯林苗区和2个混交苗区内落叶松的总株数及发生虫害的长白落叶松株数,计算落叶松球蚜的株发生率;采用棋盘式5点抽样调查的方法,统计标准枝上落叶松球蚜指名亚种(伪干母)的数量,计算虫口密度;分析长白落叶松-水曲柳混交对落叶松球蚜指名亚种(Adelges laricis laricis)的防御效果及其对害虫发生分布的影响。结果表明:与落叶松纯林相比,1(长白落叶松)∶1(水曲柳)带状混交林、3(长白落叶松)∶3(水曲柳)带状混交林的落叶松球蚜指名亚种株发生率减小,差异不显著,但单位虫口密度显著降低(P<0.05);2种混交林间,株发生率及虫口密度均不显著。纯林内,被害植株上部的落叶松球蚜指名亚种虫口密度大,显著高于中、下部(P<0.05),但中、下部间虫口密度差异不显著;2种混交林内,植株上、中、下部虫口密度均无明显差异。综合研究结果表明,长白落叶松-水曲柳带状混交,降低了落叶松林内落叶松球蚜指名亚种的虫口密度,减轻其危害;且改变了其在混交林内植株上的分布。The experimental site is located at Maoershan Experimental Forestry of Northeast Forestry University in Shangzhi City,Heilongjiang Province.Two-year Larix olgensis seedlings and one-year Fraxinus mandshurica seedlings were selected and cultivated in pots.Three seedlings areas were set up,which were pure Larix olgensis forest,1(L.olgensis)∶1(F.mandshurica)mixed area,and 3(L.olgensis)∶3(F.mandshurica)mixed area.The spacing of pots was 50 cm×50 cm,and 14 rows×15 plants were set in each seedlings area.The test seedlings were planted in May 2020,and after 1-a together growth,the formal experiment was conducted in early May 2021.The total number of larches and the number of insect-infested larches in the pure larches area and the two mixed seedlings areas were counted separately,and the incidence(per plant)of aphid(Adelges laricis laricis)was calculated.A tessellated 5-point sampling method was used to count the number of aphid(fundatrix spuria)on standard branches and calculate the density of the insect population.Analysis of the defense effect of L.olgensis and F.mandshurica mixed planting on the aphid and its effect on the distribution of pest occurrence.The results showed that compared with pure larches,the pest incidence of larches in 1(L.olgensis)∶1(F.mandshurica)mixed area and 3(L.olgensis)∶3(F.mandshurica)mixed area was reduced,the difference was not significant,but the density of insects per plant was significantly lower(P<0.05),the pest incidence and population density were not significant between the two mixed areas.In pure Larix olgensis forest,the population density of the aphid was higher in the upper part of infested plants,significantly higher than in the middle and lower parts(P<0.05),but the difference in population density between the middle and lower parts was not significant.There was no significant difference in the population density of aphid in the upper,middle and lower parts of the plants in the two mixed forests.The results of the comprehensive study showed that the L.olgensis and F

关 键 词：长白落叶松 水曲柳 针阔混交林 落叶松球蚜指名亚种 虫口密度 

分 类 号：S763.3[农业科学—森林保护学]