东京都市圈市郊铁路发展对我国国铁的启示  

Insights for China Railway From the Development of Suburban Railway in Tokyo Metropolitan Areas

作　　者：蒋中铭[1] 程世东[1] JIANG Zhong-ming;CHENG Shi-dong(Institute of Comprehensive Transportation,National Development and Reform Commission,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]国家发展和改革委员会综合运输研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第4期68-75,共8页Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：日本民营铁路和原国铁系统是东京都市圈市郊铁路的主体,民营铁路公司“轨道+房地产”的市场化建设经营模式和日本国铁战略转型及随后的市场化改革服务都市圈等发展历程表明,讲求经济效益和推动市场充分竞争是实现东京都市圈市郊铁路网高质量发展的重要基础。借鉴东京都市圈普速铁路逐步实现主要为都市圈通勤服务、打造形成多复线通道式布局的铁路环线、发挥铁路网络化互联互通优势和保持统一制式等特点经验,当前,利用既有国铁资源构建我国都市圈市郊铁路网具有必要性和紧迫性。短期内建议通过更好发挥中央政府的引导调控作用推动实现我国国铁战略重点调整,长期来看则应以加快推动国铁市场化改革为突破口,同时,加快推进土地政策改革,构建铁路与城市发展的良性互动关系,推动我国都市圈市郊铁路高质量发展。The private railway and JR East provide major passenger rail transit service in Tokyo metropolitan area.The private railway companies adopted a“railway and real estate”market-oriented construction and operation mode,while Japanese National Railway made a strategic transition followed by a market-oriented reform to serve Tokyo metropolitan area.The development process has shown that the emphasis on economic benefits and full market competition are fundamental for the high-quality development of suburban railway network in Tokyo metropolitan area.The relevant experiences include letting general-speed railways gradually play a major role in providing metropolitan commuting service,the construction of rail loop lines with multiple tracks in the main corridor,and giving full play to the advantage of interconnectivity of networked railway and maintaining unified standards.At present,it is of necessity and urgency to construct suburban railway network in metropolitan areas in China with the existing national railway resources.Central government’s role should be emphasized in guiding the strategic transition of China Railway in the short term.In the long term,it is prominent to facilitate the market-oriented reform for China Railway,and meanwhile,to reform the land use policy and establish a productive interaction between railway construction and urban development so as to achieve high-quality development of China’s suburban railway system.

关 键 词：市郊铁路 都市圈 国铁 市场化改革 土地综合开发 

分 类 号：U239.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]