3种机场常用驱鸟声源驱鸟效果比较  

A Comparative Study on the Effects of Bird Repellent from Three Common Sound Sources at the Airport

作　　者：刘艳艳 金麟雨 关爽 李舒萌 张若璟 李东来[1] LIU Yan-yan;JIN Lin-yu;GUAN Shuang(School of Life Science,Liaoning University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110036;Chengdu Tianfu International Airport Branch of Sichuan Airport Group Limited Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 641419;Jilin Airport Group Limited Company,Changchun,Jilin 220100)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学生命科学院,辽宁沈阳110036 [2]四川省机场集团有限公司成都天府国际机场分公司,四川成都641419 [3]吉林省民航机场集团有限公司,吉林长春220100 [4]沈阳桃仙国际机场股份有限公司,辽宁沈阳100043 [5]辽宁大学物理学院,辽宁沈阳110036

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第23期68-71,74,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅面上项目(LJKZ0093);国家自然基金国际(地区)合作交流项目(3191101017);辽宁大学创新创业实践班和桃仙机场鸟情生态调研专项联合资助。

摘　　要：为预防鸟击事故的发生,机场采用各种驱鸟手段减少鸟类在机场附近区域的活动。以家鸽和山斑鸠为试验对象,观察鸟类暴露于定向声波驱鸟器播放的机械噪音、猛禽鸣声和报警鸣声3种常见驱鸟声源下的行为反应,并设置空白对照,比较相应驱鸟声源的驱鸟效果。结果表明,在报警鸣声、猛禽鸣声和机械噪音的作用下,家鸽和山斑鸠的警戒行为均极显著高于对照组;家鸽在报警鸣声作用下的警戒行为极显著高于机械噪音和猛禽鸣声,而在机械噪音与猛禽鸣声作用下的警戒行为无显著差异;山斑鸠在报警鸣声作用下的警戒行为极显著高于猛禽鸣声,在猛禽鸣声作用下的警戒行为极显著高于机械噪音。因此,该研究认为不同驱鸟声源的驱鸟效果存在较大差异,在实际应用中应多选择报警鸣声等声源以提高机场驱鸟效果。To prevent bird strike accidents,different kinds of bird repellent have been adopted to reduce the activity of birds within the airport.This study selected two phylogenetic-related bird species(pigeons and mountain turtledoves)as the experimental subjects.We used the directional sonic bird repellent to observe the behavior of birds when exposed to three frequently used sound sources(mechanical noise,raptor songs,alarm calls,and one control).The results showed that the behavior of pigeons and mountain turtle doves was significantly higher under the playback of alarm calls,raptor songs,and mechanical noises than in the control group.In addition,the vigilance behaviors of pigeons under alarm calls were significantly higher than that of mechanical noises.There was no significant difference in vigilance behavior between mechanical noises and raptor songs.The vigilance behavior of the mountain turtle doves was extremely significantly higher than raptor songs under the action of alarm calls.The vigilance behavior under the action of raptor songs was substantially higher than this of mechanical noise.Therefore,this study demonstrated that there were substantial differences in the effect of bird repellent from different repellent sources.We recommend more sound sources such as alarm calls should be used to improve the effect of bird repellent at the airport in practical application.

关 键 词：鸟击 报警鸣声 定向声波驱鸟器 机械噪音 猛禽鸣声 

分 类 号：Q62[生物学—生物物理学]