胡瓜钝绥螨及杀螨剂对青海高原设施花生二斑叶螨的防效  

Control Effect of Amblyseius cucumeris(Oudemans)and Miticides against Tetranychus urticae Koch on Facility Peanuts in Qinghai Plateau

作　　者：李秋荣[1] 侯璐[1] 邵海南 刘雲祥 刘思雨 咸文荣[1] LI Qiu-rong;HOU Lu;SHAO Hai-nan(Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science/State Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Xining,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Agricultural Pests,Xining,Qinghai 810016;Qinghai University,State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Xining,Qinghai 810016)

机构地区：[1]青海省农林科学院/农业农村部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站/青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [2]青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第23期127-130,178,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：青海省科技厅重点研发与转化项目(2018-NK-127);青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室(2022-ZJ-Y10)。

摘　　要：为明晰捕食螨和杀螨剂对青海高原设施花生二斑叶螨(Tetranychus urticae Koch)的防效,以便给生产上治理二斑叶螨提供绿色、高效的技术方法,分别于2019和2020年在高海拔寒冷干旱地区设施花生上开展胡瓜钝绥螨(Amblyseius cucumeris(Oudemans))及5种杀螨剂对二斑叶螨的防治试验。结果表明,连续2年以375万头/hm 2的密度释放胡瓜钝绥螨30 d后,对二斑叶螨的防效分别达66.78%、67.06%,与43%联苯肼酯悬浮剂无显著差异,而显著高于其他药剂同期防效。2019、2020年喷施43%联苯肼酯悬浮剂第3天防效分别高达87.95%~92.66%,药后7~21 d,防效分别在98.02%~92.54%、97.68%~90.98%,药后30 d,防效分别为63.66%、65.47%,该药剂速效性和持效性均较佳;喷施22.4%螺虫乙酯悬浮剂后7~30 d的防效仅次于43%联苯肼酯悬浮剂,110 g/L乙螨唑悬浮剂的同期防效位列第三。因此,早期防治二斑叶螨,建议优先考虑释放捕食螨,而遇虫口密度较大时,可轮流使用43%联苯肼酯悬浮剂、22.4%螺虫乙酯悬浮剂和110 g/L乙螨唑悬浮剂这3种杀螨剂。该研究为综合防治二斑叶螨提供了理论依据,对设施花生安全、高效生产具有重要意义。In order to clarify the control effect of predators and miticides on Tetranychus urticae Koch of facility peanuts in Qinghai Plateau,provide a green and efficient technical method for the control of T.urticae in production,control experiments of Amblyseius cucumeris(oudemans)and five miticides against T.urticae were carried out on peanuts in high altitude,cold and arid area in 2019 and 2020.The results showed that the control effects on mites were 66.78%and 67.06%respectively,which after 30 days of releasing A.cucumeris at a density of 3750000 heads per 1 hm 2 for two years.There was no significant difference with bifenazate 43%SC,however,it was significantly higher than that of other miticides.The control effect were 87.95%-92.66%on the third day after spraying bifenazate 43%SC,then 98.02%-92.54%and 97.68%-90.98%from 7 days to 21 days after treatment,they were 63.66%and 65.47%after 30 days in 2019 and 2020,respectively.Bifenazate 43%SC showed better fast-acting property and sustained effect.The control effects of 7 to 30 days after spraying spirotetramat 22.4%SC was second to that of bifenazate 43%SC,and etoxazole 110 g/L SC thirdly.Therefore,the release of predatory mites should be given priority in the early control of T.urticae.When its population density was higher,bifenazate 43%SC,spirotetramat 22.4%SC and etoxazole 110 g/L SC could be used in turn.This study provides a theoretical basis for comprehensive control of T.urticae in facility peanuts,and is of great significance for safe and efficient production of facility peanuts.

关 键 词：设施花生 二斑叶螨 胡瓜钝绥螨 杀螨剂 青海高原 

分 类 号：S433.7[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]