日本半导体产业链升级的再思考——三个关键、二元悖论与政治工具  

Rethinking the Upgrading of the Japanese Semiconductor Industry Chain:Three keys,Binary Paradox and Political Leverage

作　　者：徐博[1] 王蕾[2] Xu Bo;Wang Lei

机构地区：[1]吉林大学东北亚研究中心 [2]吉林大学东北亚学院

出　　处：《日本学刊》2022年第6期104-124,151,153,154,共24页Japanese Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“增长与平衡视角下收缩型城市融入双循环路径研究”(编号:21AJL006)。

摘　　要：跟随赶超、盛极转衰、优势重塑是日本半导体产业发展的历史路径。为探寻日本半导体产业实现转型升级并重回世界舞台中央的原因,以半导体产业链升级的“三个关键”即关键技术、关键环节、关键资源为线索,分析日本20世纪50年代以来半导体产业链的升级路径,发现:(1)日本通过有效控制关键技术和关键资源,实现了半导体产业链升级,进而占据了全球半导体产业链上游的关键位置;(2)日本对关键环节控制失利,导致其半导体产业链上游优势与半导体产业链安全自主可控之间存在二元悖论;(3)日本半导体产业链上游关键资源的竞争优势已沦为大国地缘博弈的政治工具。中国应坚持半导体产业链升级的市场化路径与原则,统筹做好半导体产业链体系完整性建设的顶层设计与战略规划,树立半导体产业链升级“持久战必胜”的坚定信心。Following the catch-up,boom and bust,and reinvention of advantages is the historical path of the development of Japan’s semiconductor industry.What exactly is the reason for Japan’s semiconductor industry to return to the center of the world stage after transformation and upgrading?This paper analyzes the upgrading path of Japan’s semiconductor industry chain since the 1950s by taking the"three keys"of the upgrading of the semiconductor industry chain,i.e.,key technology,key resources and key links,and finds that firstly Japan has realized the upgrading of the semiconductor industry chain through effective control of key technologies and key resources,and then occupied the key position in the upstream of the global semiconductor industry chain.Secondly,Japan’s failure to control key links has led to a dichotomy between its upstream advantage in the semiconductor industry chain and the autonomous control of the security of the semiconductor industry chain.Thirdly,Japan’s competitive advantage in key resources in the upstream of the semiconductor industry chain has been reduced to a political tool for the geopolitical games of major powers.China should adhere to the market-oriented path and principle of upgrading the semiconductor industry chain,coordinate the top-level design and strategic planning for the construction of the integrity of the semiconductor industry chain system,and establish the firm confidence that the upgrade of the semiconductor industry chain will win after a long competition.

关 键 词：半导体产业 产业链升级 三个关键 二元悖论 政治工具 

分 类 号：D831.3[政治法律—政治学] F416.6[政治法律—外交学]