国家治理效能改进与省管县模式推进——城乡收入差距与共同富裕  

Improvements in National Governance Efficiency under the Province Directly Governing County Reform——Urban-Rural Income Gap and Common Prosperity

作　　者：蔡武 文铭 Cai Wu;Wen Ming

机构地区：[1]南华大学经济管理与法学学院

出　　处：《社会发展研究》2022年第4期144-163,共20页Journal of Social Development

基　　金：湖南省社科成果评审委资助项目“新经济地理学视域下湖南省城市经济集聚最优规模研究”(项目编号:XSP19YBZ19,主持人:蔡武)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：省管县“全面直管”模式将放权力度提升到一个新高度,是国家治理和基层社会治理史上的一次重大突破,对优化城乡收入分配格局和实现共同富裕目标具有重要意义。基于河南省县级层面数据,本文运用双重差分法考察了“全面直管”模式的省直管县改革对县域城乡收入差距的影响、机制及其县域差异性。结果显示,试点全面直管没有缩小城乡收入差距,而正式全面直管能有效缩小城乡收入差距,且这一效果具有一定的持续性。进一步分析表明,改革是在不明显影响城镇居民收入的情况下,通过提高县域人均固定资产投资水平、农村劳动力转移率、农业生产效率,以及提高县级公共财政支出水平、财政农务支出占比等途径实现显著提高农民收入和缩小城乡收入差距的效果,属于帕累托改进。此外,改革在贫困县、农业大县和县级市均能显著缩小城乡收入差距,且在贫困县的效果相对更强。Drawing on county-level panel data of Henan Province,this paper investigates the impact of the “comprehensive administration”under the Province Directly Governing County Reform on the urbanrural income gap by employing the Difference-in-Differences method. The findings reveal that the reform closed the income gap effectively and sustainably,although the pilot reform failed to do so. Further analyses show that the reform increased farmers ’ income and thus narrowed the income gap by raising county-level fixed assets investment per capita, rural labor transfer, and agricultural production efficiency. Also,expansions of the county-level public fiscal expenditure and the proportion of the spending on agriculture played a part in closing the earnings gap. In addition,the reform significantly shrank the income gap in poor counties,agricultural counties,and county-level cities,and the effect was more substantial in poor counties.

关 键 词：省直管县改革 全面直管 城乡收入差距 双重差分法 河南省 

分 类 号：F126[经济管理—世界经济] D630[政治法律—政治学]