基本公共服务获得感“逆龄化”分布与资源配置优化--基于社会代际关系差异的视角  

“Inverse Aging”Distribution of the Sense of Gain from Basic Public Services and the Optimization of Resource Allocation-An Empirical Analysis on the Perspective of Intergenerational Relations

作　　者：刘蓉 晋晓姝 李明[2] Liu Rong;Jin Xiaoshu;Li Ming

机构地区：[1]西南财经大学财政税务学院 [2]对外经贸大学国际经济贸易学院财政税务系

出　　处：《经济研究参考》2022年第12期94-112,共19页Review of Economic Research

基　　金：国家社科重大招标课题“大规模减税降费的效应评估与政策优化”(No.20&ZD078);教育部人文社科课题“减税降费和债务膨胀双重约束下财政资源配置效率测度”(No.20YJA790046)。

摘　　要：基本公共服务旨在构筑保障全体公民生存和发展基本需求的民生基线,基于不同群体的基本公共服务供给体系设计,是实现共同富裕的制度基础。本文从社会代际视角构建结构方程模型量化和评估公众的基本公共服务获得感,实证证明公众的基本公共服务获得感呈现“逆龄化”分布的现状,具体是指青年群体的基本公共服务获得感分别比中年群体和老年群体低9.7%和19.3%;基本公共服务获得感的可观测因子:充足性、均衡性、便利性和普惠性也都存在类似分布态势;本文从公众的政府责任认知度和社会安全感两方面诠释了基本公共服务获得感对政府治理效能提升的实现机制以及在不同年龄群体间的差异;异质性分析发现,劳动就业、住房保障和文体服务对青年群体更加显著。以基本公共服务获得感为基础的资源配置优化机制能够提升政府治理效能,鉴于此本文认为,要在供给效率与不同年龄群体需求适配性的基础上,合理有效提供基本公共服务,推动社会和谐有序运行。Basic public services aim to build a baseline of people's livelihood to ensure the survival and development of all the citizens,and the design of the basic public service supply system based on different groups is the institutional basis for achieving common prosperity.This paper constructs a structural equation model from the perspective of social generation to quantify and evaluate the public's sense of access to basic public services.It empirically proves that the public's sense of gain from basic public services shows“inverse aging”distribution,and the sense of basic public service acquisition of young people is 9.7%and 19.3%lower than that of middle-aged and elderly groups,respectively.It also proves that observable factors for the acquisition of basic public services:adequacy,balance,convenience and coverage are all“inverse aging”distribution.This paper explains the realization mechanism of the basic public service acquisition on the improvement of governance efficiency and the differences between different age groups from the aspects of the public's awareness of government responsibility and social security.The heterogeneity analysis shows that labor employment,housing security and cultural and sports services were more pronounced on young people.Considering the resource allocation optimization mechanism based on the sense of gain from basic public services could improve the governance efficiency,this paper believes that,to promote the harmonious and orderly operation of society,it is necessary to provide basic public services reasonably and effectively based on supply efficiency and the adaptability of the needs of different age groups.

关 键 词：基本公共服务获得感 “逆龄化”分布 资源配置 社会安全感 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学] F202[政治法律—中外政治制度]