急性应激与风险倾向:兴奋易感性的调节作用  

The relationship between acute stress and risk taking:The moderating effect of ease of excitation

作　　者：王霈珊 古若雷[1,2] 张亮 WANG Peishan;GU Ruolei;ZHANG Liang(CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science,Institute of Psychology,Beijing 100101,China;Department of Psychology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院行为科学重点实验室(中国科学院心理研究所),北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学心理学系,北京100049

出　　处：《心理学报》2023年第1期45-54,共10页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(T2192932);中国科学院部署项目(KGFZD-145-21-09);全军“十三五”后勤科研计划重点项目(编号BKJ19J012)资助。

摘　　要：为探索应激对决策的作用机理及其个体差异,减少工程作业中因应激导致的决策失误,本研究采用特里尔社会应激测试和气球模拟风险任务考察应激反应与应激下风险倾向的关系,并探索兴奋易感性在其中的调节作用。研究结果表明,应激下个体的皮质醇反应越大,行为越冒险。且这一作用受到兴奋易感性的调节:兴奋易感性较高的个体,应激下皮质醇反应越大,行为越冒险;而兴奋易感性较低的个体,其皮质醇变化不能预测风险倾向。该发现提示了兴奋易感性在应激影响中的重要作用,也为高压岗位的人员选拔提供了科学启示。Operators will inevitably encounter stressful events such as time pressure, high workload, or emergencies in high-risk and even routine factory work. Numerous psychological and post-accident analyses showed that decision-making error under stress is one of the most common causes of industrial accidents. Previous studies have found that individual factors play an essential role in how we feel and react to stress, moderating stress responses and affecting subsequent decision-making. However, as one of these factors that is closely associated with stress and decision-making, ease of excitation(EOE) has rarely been explored. Therefore, we conducted the present study to investigate the influencing mechanism of stress on risk taking and the moderating effect of ease of excitation. We supposed that stress level(indexed by salivary cortisol and heart rate) was correlated with risk-taking behavior, and ease of excitation played a moderating role in this relationship. Individuals with a high level of ease of excitation might be more susceptible to stress responses.Forty-three male participants were recruited in the study. We adopted the Trier Social Stress Test(TSST) to induce acute psychological stress and collected participants’ salivary cortisol, heart rate and subjective emotional states during the experiment to evaluate their stress responses. The Balloon Analogue Risk Task(BART) was applied to measure their risk-taking behavior under stress. The mean adjusted number of pumps across trials was taken as the primary behavioral index. We used the Highly Sensitive Person Scale(HSPS) to evaluate ease of excitation before the stress task to test the moderating effect on the relationship between stress response and risk-taking behavior.Repeated measure ANOVA revealed that salivary cortisol, heart rate, and negative mood increased significantly from baseline after the stress task and gradually returned to baseline, confirming that the stress manipulation was efficient. Correlation analysis showed that cortisol response was

关 键 词：急性应激 风险倾向 兴奋易感性 皮质醇 心率 

分 类 号：B845[哲学宗教—心理学]