医患风险沟通:角色与信息匹配的视角  

Risk communication between doctors and patients:Matching role and information

作　　者：张静 孙庆洲 吴宝[2] ZHANG Jing;SUN Qing-Zhou;WU Bao(Department of Special Education,Faculty of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;School of Management,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教育学部特殊教育学系,上海200062 [2]浙江工业大学管理学院,杭州310023

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2023年第1期99-107,共9页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY20C090011);国家自然科学基金项目(71942004;71801193);教育部人文社科基金项目(18YJC630155)。

摘　　要：医患沟通失真常引发高误诊率、医患冲突。现有风险具体观和抽象观各自提出风险沟通模型,但存在诸多矛盾或不一致。通过引入角色与信息匹配视角,从建构水平理论提出事件体验(事件吸引力)和概率体验(概率敏感性)解释,有助于调和矛盾并提出建议:为医生匹配抽象风险信息、患者匹配具体风险信息,能减少沟通失真,提高风险沟通质量。未来需进一步深究个体差异对匹配效应的影响、探索匹配效应的生态效度、开发科学有效的沟通模式。Distortion of doctor-patient communication often leads to high misdiagnosis rate and conflict.Although prior studies have proposed concrete representational model and abstract representational model of risk communication, there are still many contradictions or inconsistencies. Based on construct level theory, we proposed a mixed model of event experience and probability experience by matching doctor-patient role and information, to reconcile contradictions and provide countermeasures: the distortion of risk can be reduced by communicating abstract representational risk with doctors and communicating concrete representational risk with patients. Further research needs to focus on individual differences,ecological validity, and communication tools of such matching effect.

关 键 词：风险沟通 建构水平 医患角色 信息匹配 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]