饲粮粗蛋白质水平对3-8周龄如皋黄鸡生长发育和血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of Dietary Crude Protein Level on Growth and Development and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Rugao Yellow Chickens Aged from 3 to 8 Weeks

作　　者：卢建[1,2,3] 王克华 王龙生[4] 杨晓东 马猛 王星果[1] 窦套存[1] 郭军[1] 胡玉萍[1] 李永峰[1] 李尚民[1] 曲亮[1] LU Jian;WANG Kehua;WANG Longsheng;YANG Xiaodong;MA Meng;WANG Xingguo;DOU Taocun;GUO Jun;HU Yuping;LI Yongfeng;LI Shangmin;QU Liang(Poultry Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yangzhou 225125,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Xianglong Poultry Development Co.,Ltd.of Yangzhou,Jiangdu 225261,China;Dabeinong Technology Co.,Ltd.of Jiangxi,Nanchang 331700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院家禽研究所,扬州225125 [2]南京农业大学动物科技学院,南京210095 [3]扬州翔龙禽业发展有限公司,江都225261 [4]江西大北农科技有限公司,南昌331700

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第12期7664-7674,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(JATS[2021]068);江苏省农业重大新品种创制项目(PZCZ201729);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-40-K01);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20190240);扬州市“英才培育计划”((2018)YZYC-040)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮粗蛋白质(CP)水平对3-8周龄如皋黄鸡生长发育和血清生化指标的影响。试验选取540只2周龄如皋黄鸡,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复30只鸡。各组饲粮CP水平分别为17.50%、19.00%和20.50%。试验期6周。结果表明:1)随饲粮CP水平增加,5和8周龄蛋鸡体重及3-5周龄、6-8周龄和3-8周龄平均日增重(ADG)均线性减小(P<0.05);3-5周龄、6-8周龄和3-8周龄平均日粗蛋白质摄入量(ADCPI)、粗蛋白质转化比(CPCR)和料重比(F/G)以及6-8周龄和3-8周龄代谢能转化比(MECR)均线性增加(P<0.05)。2)随饲粮CP水平增加,回肠相对长度线性增加(P<0.05),而空肠相对重量和十二指肠相对长度均呈先增加后减小的二次曲线变化(P<0.05)。3)随饲粮CP水平增加,胫骨和股骨长度体重比和直径体重比均线性增加(P<0.05),而股骨直径和强度均线性减小(P<0.05)。4)随饲粮CP水平增加,血清葡萄糖(GLU)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量均线性增加(P<0.05),而血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)水平线性减小(P<0.05)。由此可见,在本试验条件下,低CP水平(17.50%)饲粮能够满足3-8周龄如皋黄鸡生长发育需要,且在体重、ADG、F/G、CPCR、MECR及血清生化指标上表现出优势。The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of dietary crude protein(CP)level on growth and development and serum biochemical indexes of Rugao yellow chickens aged from 3 to 8 weeks.Five hundred and forty 2-week-old Rugao yellow chickens were randomly assigned to 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 30 chickens per replicate.The CP levels of each group were 17.50%,19.00%and 20.50%,respectively.The experiment lasted for 6 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)with the dietary CP level increased,the body weight of hens at 5 and 8 weeks of age and the average daily weight gain(ADG)of hens aged from 3 to 5 weeks of age,6 to 8 weeks of age and 3 to 8 weeks of age decreased linearly(P<0.05),while the average daily crude protein intake(ADCPI),ratio of crude protein to gain(CPCR)and ratio of feed to gain(F/G)of hens aged from 3 to 5 weeks of age,6 to 8 weeks of age and 3 to 8 weeks of age,as well as the ratio of metabolic energy to gain(MECR)of hens aged from 6 to 8 weeks of age and 3 to 8 weeks of age increased linearly(P<0.05).2)With the dietary CP level increased,the relative length of ileum increased linearly(P<0.05),while the relative weight of jejunum and relative length of duodenum showed an increased firstly and then decreased quadratically(P<0.05).3)With the dietary CP level increased,the ratio of length and diameter of tibia and femur to weight increased linearly(P<0.05),while the diameter and strength of femur decreased linearly(P<0.05).4)With the dietary CP level increased,the contents of glucose(GLU)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in serum increased linearly(P<0.05),while the serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)activity decreased linearly(P<0.05).In conclusion,under the experimental condition,low dietary CP level(17.50%)can meet the requirement for growth and development of Rugao yellow chickens,and the body weight,ADG,F/G,CPCR,MECR and serum biochemical indexes show advantage.

关 键 词：粗蛋白质 如皋黄鸡 血清生化指标 生长发育 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]