明清圣谕宣讲文本的诠释学考察  

An Investigation of Proclamation Text of the Imperial Decree in the Ming and Qing Dynasties from the Perspective of Hermeneutics

作　　者：冯尉斌 FENG Wei-bin(School of Chinese Language and Literature,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102400,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学文学院,北京102400

出　　处：《西华师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第6期84-91,共8页Journal of China West Normal University:Philosophy & Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(18BZW093)。

摘　　要：明清圣谕宣讲文本是圣谕宣讲制度的重要组成部分,它是诠释性活动的结果。明太祖《圣谕六言》、清顺治帝《圣谕六条》、清康熙帝《圣谕十六条》及清雍正帝《圣谕广训》等“四圣谕”性质为政令文书,又被逐步塑造成与儒家六经等同的“经典文本”,这赋予了它丰富的内涵和被反复诠释的必要。阳明学派是圣谕宣讲文本形成与定型的关键力量,一方面,阳明思想的平民化取向为诠释“四圣谕”提供了理论支撑;另一方面,学派学者又亲身参与到圣谕宣讲制度的完善与圣谕宣讲文本的创作中。圣谕宣讲文本的诠释体式,以移风易俗为根本目的,以通俗易懂为基本原则,在此基础上,以“闾巷俚语”为主要语言形式,以“唤醒—体验”的心理诠释法为主要方法,以引诗说理、引律说理、引因果报应故事说理为次要诠释方法。晚清宣讲小说与传教士文学的出现、发展,都得益于圣谕宣讲文本倡导的语言样式和诠释体式。The proclamation text of the imperial decree is an important part of the proclamation system of the imperial decree in Ming and Qing dynasties, which is the result of interpretive activities.The nature of the four texts of imperial decree including The Six Imperial Decrees of Emperor Hongwu of the Ming dynasty, The Six Imperial Decrees of Emperor Shunzhi of the Qing dynasty, The Sixteen Imperial Decrees of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing dynasty and The Exhortation of Imperial Decrees of Emperor Yongzheng of the Qing dynasty is a document of political decree, and it has been gradually shaped into a“classic text”equivalent to the six Classics of Confucianism, which endows it with rich connotation and the necessity of repeated interpretation.The Yangming school of Ming dynasty was the key force to form the proclamation text of imperial decree and fall into a pattern.On the one hand, the populist orientation of the Yangming thought provides theoretical support for the interpretation of the “the four texts of imperial decree”.On the other hand, scholars of the school personally participated in the perfection of the proclamation system of imperial decree and the creation of the proclamation text of imperial decree.The interpretive style of the proclamation text of imperial decree is based on the basic purpose of changing existing habits and customs and the basic principle of being popular and easy to understand and quoting poems,laws and karma stories to reason things out as the secondary interpretation methods.The appearance and development of proclamation novel and missionary literature in the late Qing dynasty all benefits from the language style and interpretation style advocated by the proclamation text of the imperial decree.

关 键 词：圣谕宣讲文本 经典化 诠释体式 阳明学派 宣讲小说 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]