黑龙江省一次强降水的动力强迫作用分析  

Analysis of Dynamic Forcing of a Heavy Precipitation in Heilongjiang

作　　者：吴迎旭[1] 张礼宝[1] 张迎新[2] 周一[1] 赵柠[1] 孟莹莹[1] 栾晨[1] 赵广娜[1] WU Yingxu;ZHANG Libao;ZHANG Yingxin;ZHOU Yi;ZHAO Ning;MENG Yingying;LUAN Chen;ZHAO Guangna(Heilongjiang Meteorological Observatory,Harbin 150030;Beijing Meteorological Observatory,Beijing 100089)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省气象台,哈尔滨150030 [2]北京市气象台,北京100089

出　　处：《气象科技》2022年第5期694-701,共8页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(2018YFC1507301,2018YFC1507305);黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2020D014)资助。

摘　　要：利用常规气象观测资料、区域自动站加密观测资料、FY-4卫星云图、新一代天气雷达、ECMWF细网格、GRAPES_MESO及NECP的1°×1°再分析资料,分析2019年8月6日08:00至8日08:00,黑龙江省中部和西南部的强降水过程动力机制,以及引发的降水性质和降水分布特征。结果表明:(1)强降水过程共分3个阶段2种性质:与冷涡相连的鞍形场的对流云降水;鞍形场和增强暖锋共同作用的混合云和对流云降水;台风“范斯高”残涡作用下,改变云系移动路径形成的对流云降水。(2)冷涡、副热带高压、台风的相互作用,是该过程产生的根本原因;副热带高压和台风外围暖湿气流配合冷涡冷空气,为强降水提供水汽和不稳定条件;狭窄的水汽输送通道造成了强降水的空间不连续性;低层辐合线为强降水提供触发条件;鞍形场的稳定结构、大小兴安岭南麓强迫抬升、台风系统阻挡延长强降水的持续时间。An analysis of a continuous and extremely intense precipitation process is made by conventional meteorological observation data,regional automatic station encrypted observation data,ECMWF thin,GRAPES_MESO,FY-4 satellite cloud image,new generation weather radar and NECP 1°×1° reanalysis data in the central and southwestern parts of Heilongjiang from 08:00 on August 6 to 08:00 on August 8,2019.This paper analyses the dynamic mechanism of the heavy precipitation process and the nature and distribution characteristics of the precipitation caused by it.The results show that:The heavy precipitation process can be divided into three stages and two types of precipitation echoes:convective precipitation in the saddle field connected to the cold vortex;mixed and convective cloud precipitation combined by saddle field and enhanced warm front;convective cloud precipitation formed by changing the moving path of cloud systems under the action of the residual vortex of the typhoon.The interaction of cold vortex,subtropical high pressure and typhoon were the fundamental causes of this process.The subtropical high pressure and the warm and humid airflow outside the typhoon cooperate with the cold vortex and cold air provide water vapour and unstable conditions for heavy precipitation.The narrow water vapour transport channel caused the spatial discontinuity of heavy precipitation.The low-level convergence line provided trigger conditions for heavy precipitation.The stable structure of the saddle field,the forced uplift of the southern foot of the Daxing’an Mountains,and the blockade of typhoons prolonged the duration of heavy rainfall.

关 键 词：强降水 动力强迫 鞍形场 冷涡 范斯高 

分 类 号：P458.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]