基于室内轮胎加速下落法的排水沥青路面降噪吸声性能研究  

Study on Denoising and Sound Absorption Performance of Drainage Asphalt Pavement Based on Indoor Tire Accelerated Falling Method

作　　者：麦剑 孟宪东 李力豪 赵立东 何杰忠 MAI Jian;MENG Xian-dong;LI Li-hao;ZHAO Li-dong;HE Jie-zhong(Guangzhou High Speed Operation Management Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou Guangdong 510030,China;China Highway(Beijing)Engineering Materials Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]广州高速运营管理有限公司,广东广州510030 [2]中路交建(北京)工程材料技术有限公司,北京100088

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2022年第10期17-24,共8页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：广州交投集团科技项目(BLX-SGYY-2021-001);江西省交通运输厅科技项目(2020H0048)。

摘　　要：为研究排水沥青路面——PAC路面的降噪吸声性能,采用改进的室内轮胎加速下落法进行室内噪声测试,对比分析了常规AC路面、单层和双层PAC路面降噪吸声效果的差异,并进一步采用驻波管法测试了单层及双层PAC路面的吸声系数,利用声音的驻波干涉原理描述了排水沥青路面的吸声特性,重点分析了空隙率对PAC路面吸声系数的影响,建立了空隙参数与吸声系数之间的数据模型。结果表明:(1)采用改进的室内轮胎加速下落法,在3种距离条件下使用声级计测定的噪声的A计权声压级和1/3倍频程频谱,显示排水沥青路面的噪声值较普通AC路面降低2~5 dB(A),降噪能力随声源距离的增加而衰减,随空隙率增大而提高。(2)采用驻波管双传递函数法测定的排水沥青路面试件吸声系数曲线,显示PAC路面试件的平均吸声系数均随空隙率的衰减而减小,单层PAC路面的吸声系数曲线呈现“单峰型”,单层4 cm厚PAC路面与10 cm厚PAC路面的吸声峰频率分别在1 100 Hz和800 Hz附近。两种试件的吸声峰对应频率均处于交通噪声的常见频率范围内,对缓解交通噪声有益。(3)运用CT扫描和三维重构软件得到的PAC路面试件空隙参数所建立的吸声系数预测模型计算所得的吸声系数与驻波管法实测值具有较高的相关性,验证了吸声系数模型预测排水沥青路面吸声特性的准确性。In order to study the denoising and sound absorption performance of drained asphalt pavement—PAC pavement, the difference of denoising and sound absorption effects of conventional AC pavement, single-layer and double-layer PAC pavement are compared and analyzed by indoor noise test using improved indoor tire accelerated falling method, and the sound absorption coefficients of single-layer and double-layer PAC pavement are tested by standing wave tube method. The sound absorption characteristics of drainage asphalt pavement are described based on the standing wave interference principle of sound, the influence of air voids on the sound absorption coefficient of PAC pavement is analyzed, and the data model between void parameters and sound absorption coefficient is established. The result shows that(1)using the improved indoor tire accelerated falling method and the sound level meter, the A-weighted sound pressure level and 1/3 octave frequency spectrum of noise under 3 distance condition are measured, it shows that the noise value of drainage asphalt pavement is 2-5 dB(A)lower than that of traditional AC pavement, the denoising ability decreases with the increase of distance from sound source and increases with the increase of air voids.(2)The sound absorption coefficient curve of drainage asphalt pavement specimens is measured by standing wave tube double transfer function method, it shows that the average sound absorption coefficients of PAC pavement specimens decrease with the attenuation of the air voids. The sound absorption coefficient curve of single-layer PAC pavement presents the “single peak type”, and the sound absorption peak frequencies of single-layer 4 cm thickness and 10 cm thickness PAC pavement are around 1 100 Hz and 800 Hz respectively. The corresponding frequencies of the sound absorption peaks of the 2 specimens are within the common frequency range of traffic noise, which is helpful to alleviate traffic noise.(3)The sound absorption coefficient calculated by the sound absorption coeffi

关 键 词：道路工程 吸声系数 传递函数法 排水沥青路面 降噪 

分 类 号：U416.217[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]