绅权扩张:谭延闿与清末湖南咨议局  

Extension of Gentry Power:Tan Yankai and Hunan Consultative Bureau in the Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：周志永 Zhou Zhiyong

机构地区：[1]重庆大学马克思主义学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《史学月刊》2022年第12期66-74,共9页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：重庆大学中央高校项目“社会视域下清末民初谭延闿的人际关系与权力的再生产”(2020CDJSK49YJ10)。

摘　　要：清末预备立宪背景下,地方各省纷纷成立咨议局,接受新思想熏陶的士绅多加入其中。谭延闿作为湖南咨议局议长,拥有较强的参政意识,率咨议局与巡抚进行了一系列斗争。清季官绅冲突的原因由多方所致,既有宪政支持下士绅权力扩张的因素,又有立宪进程中制度不完备的因素。为从制度上保障绅权扩张,谭延闿迫切希望加快立宪,成立责任内阁。反对“皇族内阁”失败后,谭延闿对清廷由希望变为绝望,并最终倒向革命。预备立宪期间,谭延闿积极宣传宪政思想,为革命的爆发奠定了一定基础,而他的角色转换和心路历程亦是清末一些开明士绅或知识分子嬗变的缩影。In the context of preparing for the establishment of constitutionalism,most enlightened gentry,influenced by new ideas,joined the provincial consultative bureaus set up by various provinces.As the speaker of Hunan consultative bureau,Tan Yankai had a strong sense of participating in politics.He led the consultative bureau to conduct a series of struggles with the provincial governor.The conflict between officials and gentry was caused by many factors including the extension of gentry power under the support of constitutionalism and the institutional deficiencies in the process of establishing constitutionalism.Tan Yankai was urgent to accelerate constitutionalism and establish responsible cabinet to ensure the extension of gentry power with rules and regulations.Suffering defeat in opposition to the royal cabinet,Tan Yankai’s hope for the Qing government turned into despair and he finally tilted in favor of revolution,which precipitated the collapse of the Qing government.Tan Yankai took an active part in publicizing constitutionalism during the preparation for the establishment of constitutionalism,which laid the foundation for the outbreak of revolution,while the change of his roles and spiritual journey was a microcosm of the evolution of some enlightened gentry and intellectuals in the late Qing dynasty.

关 键 词：预备立宪 谭延闿 湖南咨议局 士绅 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]