力刺激响应发光聚合物  

Mechano-Responsive Luminescent Polymers

作　　者：李庚 李洁[1] 姜泓宇 梁效中 郭鹍鹏[1] Geng Li;Jie Li;Hongyu Jiang;Xiaozhong Liang;Kunpeng Guo(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学新材料界面科学与工程教育部重点实验室,太原030024

出　　处：《化学进展》2022年第10期2222-2238,共17页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.61605138);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(No.2021-057);山西省应用基础研究计划面上项目(No.20210302123144)资助。

摘　　要：具有力刺激响应发光特性的聚合物材料是刺激响应发光材料的重点研究方向,在聚合物力化学、应力检测、聚合物损伤监控、特种包装材料等领域受到了化学家和材料学家的广泛关注。这类材料通常是将具有力刺激响应发光特性的小分子作为发光力敏团,通过化学键合或物理掺杂的方式引入聚合物基体中制备得到。力刺激作用通过聚合物基体传导到发光力敏团,引起发光信号变化,实现力刺激响应发光。本文结合发光力敏团的力刺激响应发光原理和力刺激响应发光聚合物的制备方法,对力刺激响应发光聚合物进行了综述,期望对力刺激响应发光聚合物的研发设计和实际应用提供借鉴。Polymeric chains undergo re-conformation,reorientation,slippage and even bond cleavage upon mechanical stimuli,which may lead to macro-deformation and further grow into damage of the material.Therefore,it is of great importance to sensitively detect or visualize the local mechanical states in polymers.Mechano-responsive luminescent(MRL)polymers are a class of materials that respond to mechanical stimuli with a detectable change of their optical properties.At present,MRL polymers have been attracting numerous attention in both fundamental research and a range of applications including the study of polymer mechano-chemistry,stress-mapping,polymer damage-monitoring,and special high-performance packaging materials.Generally,MRL polymers are created by using MRL mechanophores as dopants or building blocks that serve as predefined weak linkages,to which mechano-stimuli is conducted through the backbones of the polymer substrates and triggers responsive emission.The MRL behavior can help understand the stress transduction and identify the processes that may lead to mechanical failure.From the intrinsic point of view,the MRL approaches are originated from covalent-bonds scission or noncovalent-interactions disruption of the mechanophores,of which the different mechanisms lead to differences in responsive threshold,reversibility as well as specificity.In addition,the preparation methods including physically doping dispersed or microencapsulated fluorophores into polymer matrix,and chemically linking mechanophores in polymer chains also result in different stress-transfer process efficiency.In this article,the recent progress of MRL polymers based on the MRL mechanisms of the mechanophores in combination with the preparation of the materials is reviewed.The MRL approaches are elaborated discussed,representative examples are highlighted,and the potential applications are indicated.It is expected to provide insights for developing novel MRL polymers with desired functionality through rational molecular design.

关 键 词：力刺激响应 聚合物 发光力敏团 共价键断裂 非共价作用破坏 

分 类 号：O631.1[理学—高分子化学] O631.2[理学—化学] TQ314.2[化学工程—高聚物工业]