低共熔溶剂在高分子合成中的应用  

Application of Deep Eutectic Solvents in Polymer Synthesis

作　　者：李金涛 张明祖 何金林 倪沛红 Jintao Li;Mingzu Zhang;Jinlin He;Peihong Ni(College of Chemistry,Chemical Engineering and Materials Science,State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application,Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学材料与化学化工学部新型功能高分子材料国家地方联合工程实验室江苏省先进功能高分子材料设计及应用重点实验室苏州市大分子设计与精密合成重点实验室,苏州215123

出　　处：《化学进展》2022年第10期2159-2172,共14页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.21774081);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究重大项目(No.20KJA150009);特种弹性体复合材料北京市重点实验室开放课题;江苏高校优势学科建设工程(PAPD)资助。

摘　　要：低共熔溶剂(DES)是由两种或多种物质按一定比例混合而成的低熔点混合溶剂,其熔点显著低于每一个单纯组分的熔点,可被视为一种新的离子液体。与传统有机溶剂相比,DES具有来源广泛、成本低廉、易于制备、毒性低、生物可降解等优点,并已作为一种新型的绿色反应介质被广泛用于萃取分离、无机合成、有机合成和离子凝胶等领域。近年来,DES在高分子合成中的应用也吸引了广泛的研究兴趣。本综述从简述DES及其在有机合成中的应用出发,重点介绍它们用于缩合聚合、自由基聚合、阴离子聚合、电化学聚合、开环聚合和氧化聚合等高分子合成领域的研究进展,并对其发展趋势进行展望。Deep eutectic solvents(DES)are one kind of low-transition-temperature mixture composed of two or several components mixed in a certain ratio.The melting points of DES are significantly lower than that of each pure component,and they can be considered as a new type of ionic liquid.Compared with traditional organic solvents,DES possess the advantages of broad resource of raw materials,low cost,easy preparation,low toxicity and biodegradability.These characteristics make them become a promising green reaction media,which have been widely used in many areas including extraction and separation,inorganic synthesis,organic synthesis and ion gels.In recent years,the applications of DES in polymer chemistry have attracted broad research interests.Starting from a brief description of DES and their applications in organic synthesis,this review mainly focuses on the applications of DES in polymerizations,such as condensation polymerization,free radical polymerization,anionic polymerization,electrochemical polymerization,ring-opening polymerization and oxidative polymerization.In the meantime,the prospects of DES in polymer synthesis are also discussed.

关 键 词：绿色化学 低共熔溶剂 聚合反应 高分子材料 反应介质 

分 类 号：O63[理学—高分子化学] TQ584.35[理学—化学]