肠道菌群失调与新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎发病机制的研究现状  

Research progress on neonatal gut microbiota and pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis

作　　者：张非红 夏斌 Zhang Feihong;Xia Bin(Department of Pediatrics,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children(Sichuan University),Ministry of Education,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西第二医院儿科、出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室,成都610041

出　　处：《中华妇幼临床医学杂志（电子版）》2022年第5期523-527,共5页Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81370738)。

摘　　要：新生儿出生后,立即开始肠道菌群定植,这一关键过程若被中断或延迟,均可能导致其肠道菌群失调,进而导致新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)发生。肠道菌群失调(数量与种类失调)在新生儿NEC发生、发展过程中的具体作用机制迄今尚未阐明。最新研究发现,新生儿NEC发病前,机体肠道肠杆菌科菌群、梭状芽孢杆菌富集,而厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门细菌数量均减少,这些肠道菌群数量与种类失调,可能在新生儿NEC发病过程中发挥重要作用。笔者拟就新生儿肠道菌群特点、肠道菌群失调与新生儿NEC发病机制的最新研究现状进行阐述。Gut microbiota colonizes immediately after neonatal birth.The interruption or delay of gut microbiota colonization,resulting in gut microbiota dysbiosis,is a key risk factor for neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC).The specific mechanism of the occurence of gut microbiota dysbiosis(number and species imbalance)and the development of NEC is still not completely understood yet.Recent studies have found the enrichment of Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridium and the decrease of Firmicutes and Bacteroides before onset of neonatal NEC.The imbalance of number and species of gut microbiota may play an important role in the pathogenesis of neonatal NEC.The author intends to elaborate on the latest researches of characteristics and imbalance of neonatal gut microbiota,and the pathogenesis of neonatal NEC.

关 键 词：小肠结肠炎 坏死性 肠道菌群失调 肠杆菌科 厚壁菌门 拟杆菌门 发病机制 肠道菌群定性、定量检测 婴儿 新生 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]