表面改性纳米阻燃沥青流变及阻燃性能  

Rheology and Flame Retardant Performance of Surface Modified Nano Flame Retardant Asphalt

作　　者：付剑锋 成元海 Fu Jianfeng;Cheng Yuanhai(Graphene Technology Development of Gansu Provincial Highway Aviation Tourism Investment Group Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou 730087,China)

机构地区：[1]公航旅石墨烯科技发展有限责任公司,甘肃兰州730087

出　　处：《市政技术》2022年第11期182-190,195,共10页Journal of Municipal Technology

摘　　要：为确定基于表面改性处理的纳米阻燃剂的最佳掺量,并了解阻燃剂对沥青流变性能和燃烧特性的影响,采用动态剪切流变仪和弯曲梁流变仪研究了阻燃剂不同掺量下阻燃沥青的动态剪切、低温弯曲等流变性能;基于烟密度试验和极限氧指数试验,探究了不同掺量下阻燃剂对沥青的阻燃特性和抑烟性能的影响;采用热同步分析仪分析了阻燃沥青的燃烧动力学特征。研究结果表明:随着阻燃剂掺量的增加,阻燃沥青的车辙因子不断增大,可以提高阻燃沥青的高温流变性能,3%~9%阻燃改性沥青与原样改性沥青疲劳性能相当,若阻燃剂掺量继续增加,则对阻燃沥青的疲劳性能有害,且掺加阻燃剂对沥青低温性能有不利影响;为达到阻燃目的,烟密度和氧指数试验结果表明阻燃剂最低掺量宜不少于沥青质量的12%,结合沥青流变性能和阻燃性能确定阻燃剂最佳掺量为15%;基于对阻燃沥青燃烧过程的分析,发现原样沥青的燃烧过程可分为3个阶段,而掺入阻燃剂的改性沥青的燃烧过程可分为4个阶段,阻燃剂的掺入使SBS改性沥青的失重量减少、热解峰增多、燃烧焓值降低、热解过程变得更加复杂,发挥了气相阻燃和凝聚相阻燃的作用。In order to determine the optimal dosage of nano flame retardants based on surface modification treatment and understand its effect on the rheological properties and combustion characteristics of asphalt,the dynamic shear and bending beam rheological properties at low temperature of flame retardant asphalt with different dosing were studied byd ynamic shear rheometer and bending beam rheometer;The effects on flame retardant properties and smoke suppression properties of asphalt with different dosing were investigated by smoke density test and ultimate oxygen index test;Combustion kinetic characteristics of flame retardant asphalt were analyzed with a synchronous thermal analyzer.The results show that the rutting factor of flame retardant asphalt increases continuously with the increase of flame retardant dosage,which can improve the high temperature rheological properties.The fatigue performance of 3%~9%flame retardant modified asphalt is almost the same as the original modified asphalt.The further increase of doping is harmful to its fatigue performance.The addition of flame retardant has a negative effect on the low temperature performance of asphalt;In order to prevent burning,the minimum dosage of flame retardant is at least 12%of the asphalt mass by the smoke density and oxygen index test result.According to the rheological properties and flame retardant properties,the optimal dosage is 15%;Based on the analysis of the combustion process of flame retardant asphalt,the combustion process of the original asphalt can be divided into three stages,while one of modified asphalt mixed with flame retardant can be divided into four stages.The incorporation of flame retardant reduces the weight loss of SBS modified asphalt,increase pyrolysis peak,reduces,reduce the enthalpy of combustion,and make the pyrolysis process more complex,which play the role of gas-phase flame retardancy and condensed phase retardancy.

关 键 词：纳米阻燃剂 表面改性 阻燃沥青 最佳掺量 

分 类 号：U416.217[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]