异构金属材料的设计与制造  

Design and Manufacture of Heterostructured Metallic Materials

作　　者：张显程[1] 张勇[1] 李晓[1] 王梓萌 贺琛贇 陆体文 王晓坤 贾云飞[1] 涂善东[1] ZHANG Xiancheng;ZHANG Yong;LI Xiao;WANG Zimeng;HE Chenyun;LU Tiwen;WANG Xiaokun;JIA Yunfei;TU Shantung(Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety,Ministry of Education,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学承压系统与安全教育部重点实验室,上海200237

出　　处：《金属学报》2022年第11期1399-1415,共17页Acta Metallurgica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目No.51725503。

摘　　要：通过构筑金属异构材料以实现强韧均衡的材料设计和制造方法,已成为机械工程和材料科学等领域的前沿方向与研究热点。近年来,对异构金属材料内部多种强韧化机制的理解已逐渐深入,而建立强韧化增益效果与微观结构特征参量的定量关联,进而指导强韧化工艺研发,对异构金属材料的设计理论、制造成形及性能表征具有重要意义。本文主要综述了近年来异构金属材料的微观结构调控理论基础与常用制造工艺的进展。首先按照微观调控手段对异构金属材料进行分类,随后综述了异构金属材料微观结构调控的若干理论基础,最后以“自上而下”和“自下而上”对强韧化工艺进行分类,介绍了常见的异构金属材料制备工艺方法。在此基础上,对异构金属材料设计与制造面临的挑战和发展方向进行了讨论与展望。The design and manufacture of heterostructured metallic materials for the balanced improvement of strength and ductility by interior microstructure construction have been the research frontiers and focus in mechanical engineering and materials science.Recently,the understanding of multiple hardening mechanisms in heterostructured metallic materials has progressively advanced.Although establishing quantitative relationships between hardening effects and microstructural parameters and further instructing the research and development of manufacturing for a superior combination between strength and ductility will be of significant value to the design theory,the manufacturing processes and property characterization of heterostructured metallic materials are crucial.In this article,the research progress on the theoretical foundations of designing microstructures and manufacturing processes for heterostructured metallic materials was reviewed.First,the heterostructured metallic materials from the perspective of their microstructural regulation method were categorized.Second,the theoretical foundations for the microstructural regulation of heterostructured materials were reviewed.Third,the manufacturing process for heterostructured materials was classified in terms of the up-bottom and bottom-up approaches as well as reviewed.Finally,the challenges and future development of the design and manufacture of heterostructured metallic materials were addressed.

关 键 词：异构金属材料 强韧化 背应力 微观结构设计 制备工艺 

分 类 号：TH114[机械工程—机械设计及理论]