水压力与地应力作用下岩石透射波幅值特性试验研究  

Experimental Study on the Amplitude Characteristics of Rock Transmission Waves Under the Action of Water Pressure and Ground Stress

作　　者：金解放[1] 石子勃 胡玮锋 孙俊涛 杨洪灏 刘康 JIN Jiefang;SHI Zibo;HU Weifeng;SUN Juntao;YANG Honghao;LIU Kang(School of Civil and Surveying Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学土木与测绘工程学院,江西赣州市341099 [2]江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,江西赣州市341099

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2022年第11期132-139,共8页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52174112,51964015);江西理工大学清江青年英才支持计划项目(JXUSTQJBJ2017007).

摘　　要：深部资源开采和深埋隧洞等岩体工程多处于高水压高地应力环境中,在爆破开挖和地震灾害等动态荷载扰动下,动荷载以应力波形式在岩体中传播,研究岩石应力波传播特性是分析评估动荷载作用下围岩体稳定性的基础。为研究不同大小水压和地应力对岩石应力波传播特性的影响,利用改进的SHPB试验系统,对饱和红砂岩开展了应力波传播试验研究,设置6种水压力和4种轴向静应力等级,分析透射波幅值随水压力和轴向静应力的变化关系,并构建其经验模型。结果表明:当冲击速度和轴向静应力一定时,随着水压的增高,透射波幅值呈幂函数增加,但增加的幅度越来越小,这是由于水压本身的侧向约束作用、弯液面效应和Stefan效应抑制了岩石内部孔隙的扩展,加强了应力波在岩石中的穿透能力;当水压一定时,轴向静应力越大,透射波幅值越小;轴向静应力越大,透射波幅值随水压增加的幅度越大。研究结果可为深部高水压工程岩体爆破开挖时的围岩体稳定性分析提供理论依据。Deep resource extraction,deep buried tunnels and other rock engineering are mostly in an environment with high water pressure and high ground stress.Under dynamic load disturbances such as blasting excavation and seismic hazards,dynamic loads are propagated in the form of stress waves in the rock mass.The study of rock stress wave propagation characteristics is the basis for analyzing and assessing the stability of the surrounding rock mass under the action of dynamic loads.In order to study the effects of different magnitudes of water pressure and ground stress on the propagation characteristics of rock stress waves,an experimental study on stress wave propagation was carried out on saturated red sandstone by using a improved SHPB test system.Setting six kinds of water pressure and four levels of axial static stress,the amplitude variation of transmission wave with water pressure and axial static stress was analyzed,and its empirical model was constructed.The results show that when the impact velocity and axial static stress are certain,the amplitude of transmission wave increases as a power function with the increase of water pressure,but the increase is getting smaller and smaller.This is because that the lateral constraint effect,the bending liquid surface effect and Stefan effect of water pressure itself inhibit the expansion of pores inside the rock and strengthen the penetration ability of the stress wave in the rock.When the water pressure is certain,the greater the axial static stress,the smaller the amplitude of the transmission waves,and the more sensitive the amplitude increases with the water pressure.The results of the study can provide a theoretical basis for the stability analysis of the surrounding rock body during blasting excavation in deep engineering with high water pressure.

关 键 词：岩石应力波传播 高水压力 高地应力 透射波幅值 

分 类 号：TD745[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全] TU452[建筑科学—岩土工程]