高瓦斯矿井初采前顶板静态预裂技术研究及应用  

Research and Application of Static Precrack Technology of Roof Before Initial Mining in High Gas Mine

作　　者：相海涛 严国超[1] 丁宏强 寇凯博 李岗 XIANG Haitao;YAN Guochao;DING Hongqiang;KOU Kaibo;LI Gang(College of Mining Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030024,China;College of Safety and Emergency Management Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学矿业工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]太原理工大学安全与应急管理工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2022年第11期14-19,共6页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974195).

摘　　要：针对高瓦斯矿井回采时初次来压步距长的问题,提出初采前采用静态破碎剂(SCA)对切眼进行静态预裂处理的技术方案。通过对静态膨胀的原理进行分析后,设计了测试系统和核心组件对SCA径向膨胀压力和轴向膨胀压力进行了测定。试验结果表明:SCA的膨胀压力随管径的增大而增大,管径一定时径向膨胀压力高于轴向膨胀压力。设计并自制了一种可搭接防滑定向聚能静态预裂装置,结合SCA的研究成果在小常煤业30218切眼进行了现场试验。工业试验结果表明:设计的静态预裂装置能够将径向膨胀压力定向聚能,强化了顶板的预裂效果,简化了静态预裂的工艺。通过UDEC数值模拟和现场钻孔窥视的方法对顶板预裂的效果进行了验证,经过静态预裂处理切眼顶板后,初次来压步距减少10.8m,取得了良好的工业效果,满足安全生产的要求。Aiming at the problem of long initial weighting step during the mining of high gas mine,a technical scheme of static precrack treatment on cutting hole by static fracturing agent(SCA)before initial mining was proposed.Through analyzing the principle of static expansion,the test system and core components were designed to measure the radial expansion pressure and axial expansion pressure of SCA.The results show that the expansion pressure of SCA increases with the increase of pipe diameter,and the radial expansion pressure is higher than the axial expansion pressure when the pipe diameter is constant.A static precrack device with lap slip and directional energy accumulation was designed and manufactured.Combined with the research results of SCA,field tests were carried out in the 30218cut hole of Xiaochang Coal Industry.The industrial test results show that the designed static precrack device can orient the radial expansion pressure to gather energy,strengthen the precrack effect of roof,and simplify the static precrack process.The effect of roof precrack was verified by UDEC numerical simulation and on-site drilling peeping.After static precrack treatment of cut hole roof,the initial weighting step was reduced by 10.8m,which achieved a good industrial effect and met the requirements of safety production.

关 键 词：高瓦斯矿井 初次来压步距 SCA 静态预裂 UDEC 

分 类 号：TD823[矿业工程—煤矿开采]