低温氢膨胀叶轮设计及其变工况性能预测  

Cryogenic hydrogen expansion impeller design and off-design performance prediction

作　　者：滕越 赵骞 王缔 陈世雄 张启勇 陈国宏[1] Teng yue;Zhao Qian;Wang Di;Chen Shixiong;Zhang Qiyong;Chen Guohong(State Grid Anhui Power Research Institute,Hefei 230601,China;Institute of Energy,Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center,Hefei 230051,China;Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Science,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,合肥230601 [2]合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室),合肥230051 [3]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,合肥230031

出　　处：《低温与超导》2022年第10期100-106,共7页Cryogenics and Superconductivity

基　　金：国网安徽省电力有限公司科技项目(521205190029)资助。

摘　　要：氢透平是氢液化循环系统的重要部件之一,其三元叶轮的设计与分析是氢透平设计的主要内容。本文针对5吨/天氢液化循环中的一台透平,设计了向心式氢膨胀叶轮及喷嘴,采用数值仿真对其进行了流动特性分析,进一步预测了透平在定转速和定特性比调节方式下的变工况运行性能。结果表明,流道内流体整体上处于亚音速流动状态,流动损失主要发生在喷嘴出口、叶片压力面进口处、叶片吸力面中部及叶顶间隙内;喷嘴中压降、温降均大于叶轮;当流量在0.4~0.6 kg/s的区间内变化时,功率与质量流量呈现了拟线性的增长关系;变工况运行时,定特性比调节比定转速调节具有更高的等熵效率,且低负荷工况下这种优势更为明显。The hydrogen turbine is one of the important components of the hydrogen liquefaction cycle system, and the design and analysis of its impeller are the main content of the hydrogen turbine design. In this paper, a centripetal hydrogen expansion impeller and nozzle were designed for a turbine in a 5 ton/day hydrogen liquefaction cycle. The flow characteristics were analyzed by numerical simulation, and its off-design performance was further predicted under the regulation mode of constant speed and constant characteristic ratio.The results show that the fluid in the flow channel is in a subsonic flow state, and the flow loss mainly occurs at the nozzle outlet, the inlet of the pressure surface of the blade, the middle of the suction surface of the blade and the tip clearance.The pressure drop and temperature drop in the nozzle are larger than those of the impeller. When the flow rate varies in the interval of 0.4~0.6 kg/s, the power and mass flow show a quasi-linear growth relationship.Under variable operating conditions, constant specific ratio regulation has higher isentropic efficiency than constant speed regulation, and this advantage is more obvious under low load conditions.

关 键 词：氢透平 膨胀叶轮 定转速 定特性比 变工况性能 

分 类 号：TB653[一般工业技术—制冷工程]