论我国缓刑撤销制度中“发现漏罪”的司法认定  

On the Judicial Recognition of Omissions in the System of Revocation of Probation in Chinese Criminal Law

作　　者：张萌 Zhang Meng

机构地区：[1]上海市静安区人民法院刑事审判庭

出　　处：《青少年犯罪问题》2022年第5期62-72,共11页Issues on Juvenile Crimes and Delinquency

摘　　要：由于我国刑法以及相关司法解释未对撤销缓刑情形下发现漏罪的时间节点、主体、界定标准等作出细化规定,导致司法实践对于发现漏罪的认定还存在一些不同理解,从而直接影响到对被宣告缓刑的犯罪分子的实际处理。在行为人缓刑考验期开始前即发现的其他罪行,不属于我国刑法缓刑撤销制度中的“漏罪”。该种情形涉及刑事诉讼程序中管辖权移交的问题,不能适用《刑法》第77条第1款的规定撤销前罪缓刑并实行数罪并罚。在缓刑考验期满后发现漏罪的,不能撤销前罪缓刑并实行数罪并罚,只能对新发现的漏罪单独处理。《刑法》第73条第3款中的“判决确定之日”是指判决生效之日,缓刑考验期限开始起算之日应为缓刑判决生效之日。《刑法》第77条第1款中的“发现”应以侦查机关对漏罪立案侦查并将行为人确定为犯罪嫌疑人为标准。与在缓刑考验期限内犯新罪的情形有所不同,在缓刑考验期限内因发现漏罪撤销缓刑并实行数罪并罚时,仍然可以对行为人再适用缓刑。Since the Chinese Criminal Law and relevant judicial interpretations have not made detailed provisions on the time node, subject, and definition criteria for the discovery of omissions in the case of revocation of suspended sentences, there are still some different understandings in judicial practice on the identification of omissions, which directly affects the recognition of omissions and practical handling of criminals who have been sentenced to probation. Other crimes that are discovered before the probation period of the perpetrator’s probation begins, do not belong to the “omission of crime” in the system of revocation of probation in the Chinese Criminal Law.This kind of situation involves the transfer of jurisdiction in the criminal procedure, and the provisions of Paragraph 1 of Article 77 of the Criminal Law cannot be applied to revoke the suspended sentence of the previous crime and implement the combined punishment for several crimes. If an omission is found after the probation period for probation expires, the suspended sentence for the previous offense cannot be revoked and combined punishment for several crimes is imposed, and the newly discovered omission can only be dealt with separately. “The date the judgment is made final” in Paragraph 3 of Article 73 of the Criminal Law refers to the date when the judgment takes effect, and the date on which the probation period for probation begins shall be the date on which the probation judgment takes effect. The “discovery” in Paragraph 1 of Article 77 of the Criminal Law shall be based on the fact that the investigative organs file a case for omission and determine the perpetrator as a criminal suspect. Different from the case of committing a new crime during the probation period of probation, when the probation is revoked due to the discovery of omissions during the probation period of probation and a combined punishment for several crimes is imposed, the perpetrator can still be re-applied to probation.

关 键 词：缓刑考验期限 发现漏罪 撤销缓刑 数罪并罚 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]