中国生物多样性研究的30个核心问题  

Thirty key questions for biodiversity science in China

作　　者：张健[1] 孔宏智[2] 黄晓磊 傅声雷 郭良栋[5] 郭庆华 雷富民[7] 吕植[8] 周玉荣[2] 马克平[2] Jian Zhang;Hongzhi Kong;Xiaolei Huang;Shenglei Fu;Liangdong Guo;Qinghua Guo;Fumin Lei;Zhi Lü;Yurong Zhou;Keping Ma(Center for Global Change and Complex Ecosystems,Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241;Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093;State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops,College of Plant Protection,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002;Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions,Ministry of Education;College of Geography and Environmental Science,Henan University,Kaifeng,Henan 475004;State Key Laboratory of Mycology,Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101;Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System,School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871;Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 1001018 Center for Nature and Society,College of Life Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院,浙江天童森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站/全球变化与复杂生态系统研究中心,上海200241 [2]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093 [3]福建农林大学植物保护学院闽台作物有害生物生态防控国家重点实验室,福州350002 [4]河南大学地理与环境学院,河南开封475004 [5]中国科学院微生物研究所真菌学国家重点实验室,北京100101 [6]北京大学地球与空间科学学院遥感与地理信息研究所,北京100871 [7]中国科学院动物研究所,北京100101 [8]北京大学生命科学学院自然保护与社会发展研究中心,北京100871

出　　处：《生物多样性》2022年第10期15-20,共6页Biodiversity Science

摘　　要：在联合国《生物多样性公约》生效30年和《生物多样性》创刊30周年之际,我们通过问卷调查从281名中国研究人员收集到763个生物多样性相关的研究问题,通过归纳与整理,并参考英国生态学会提出的100个生态学基本问题,从中筛选出30个核心问题。这些问题涉及7个方面:演化与生态(6个问题)、种群(4个问题)、群落与多样性(7个问题)、生态系统与功能(3个问题)、人类影响与全球变化(4个问题)、方法与监测(4个问题)、生物多样性保护(2个问题)。前5个方面主要聚焦在物种形成、生物多样性维持等的关键过程与机制、生物多样性与生态功能关系、全球变化对生物多样性的影响机制等,第6方面主要涉及生物监测与预测、数据共享等,第7方面涉及多样性保护、自然与人类健康关系这两个与公众息息相关的重要话题。这30个问题的筛选难免存在偏颇,希望能以此为契机,促进我国生物多样性研究人员对本领域核心问题的深入思考与探讨。Aim&Method:On the 30th anniversary of the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity and the establishment of the journal Biodiversity Science,we conducted questionnaire surveys from Chinese biodiversity researchers to gather the crucial questions in biodiversity science,and finally collected 763 questions from 281 participants.Results:By summarizing these questions and using the 100 fundamental questions of British Ecology Society as the reference,we narrowed down these questions into 30 key questions,which is grouped into 7 subjects:evolution and ecology(6 questions),populations(4 questions),communities and diversity(7 questions),ecosystems and functioning(3 questions),human impacts and global change(4 questions),methods and monitoring(4 questions),and biodiversity conservation(2 questions).The first five subjects mainly focus on the important processes and mechanisms of speciation and biodiversity maintenances,the relation between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning,and the consequences of global change in biodiversity;the sixth subject focus on biodiversity monitoring,prediction and data sharing;the last subject covers the key issues in conservation and the connections between nature and human health.Prospect:Although some biases certainly exist in the selection of these questions,we hope that the 30 key questions could stimulate critical thinking and promote in-depth discussions among Chinese biodiversity researchers.

关 键 词：演化 种群生态学 群落生态学 生态系统功能 生物多样性监测 生物多样性保护 

分 类 号：Q16[生物学—普通生物学]