猪舍自动清粪装置设计及关键部件分析  

Design and key components analysis of automatic manure cleaning device in piggeries

作　　者：刘美奇 蔡有杰[1] 陈艳伟 吴志东[1,2] 张晏嘉 庄福坤 LIU Meiqi;CAI Youjie;CHEN Yanwei;WU Zhidong;ZHANG Yanjia;ZHUANG Fukun(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,China;Qiqihar Kainong Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Qiqihar 161006,China;Qiqihar Technician College,Qiqihar 161006,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学机电工程学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]齐齐哈尔市开农科技有限公司,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [3]齐齐哈尔技师学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第22期38-41,47,137,138,共7页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费智能机床研究院专项(135509407);教育部2021产学合作协同育人项目(202102019036);教育部产学合作协同育人项目(220602817220926)。

摘　　要：为解决规模化生猪养殖场因排便量大导致人工清理粪便成本较高、清理不及时的问题,笔者设计了一种猪舍自动清粪装置,该装置包括清粪机、牵引机构和控制系统,控制系统以STC89C52单片机作为控制单元,利用传感技术检测粪道内液位,利用LoRa通信技术使控制单元与液位传感器进行通讯,进而触发电动机启动,最终实现猪舍自动清粪;利用ANSYS 2021 R1软件分析刮粪板不同材料和厚度对其形变量的影响。结果表明:刮粪板整体厚度为7 mm时形变量最小,为0.30321 mm;刮粪板材料选择优质碳素结构钢(牌号为08F);控制系统可实现猪舍自动清粪,利用该清粪装置清理猪舍粪便效果良好,系统整体运行稳定。说明该猪舍自动清粪装置可满足养猪场的清粪需求。In order to solve the problems of high cost and untimely manual cleaning of nightsoil caused by large amount of defecation in large-scale pig farms,the author designed an automatic piggery manure cleaning device.The device included a cleaning machine,a traction mechanism and a control system;STC89 C52 microcontroller was used as the control unit;sensing technology was used to detect the liquid level in the fecal canal;Lora communication technology was used to make the control unit communicate with the liquid level sensor to trigger the motor to start,and realize automatic piggery manure cleaning.The influence of different materials and thickness on the flatness variable of the manure scraper was analyzed by ANSYS 2021 R1 software.The results showed that the shape variable was the smallest when the overall thickness of the manure scraper was 7 mm,which was 0.30321 mm.The material of the manure scraper should be high quality carbon structural steel(grade:08 F).The control unit can realize automatic piggery cleaning.The device had a good effect on cleaning piggery manure,and the overall system runs stably.The results indicated that the automatic manure cleaning device can meet the requirements of pig farms.

关 键 词：猪舍 自动清粪 LoRa STC89C52 刮粪板 ANSYS 形变量 

分 类 号：S817[农业科学—畜牧学] TB124[农业科学—畜牧兽医]