焦化废水O/H/O生物处理工艺二级好氧生物反应器的微生物结构和功能  

Microbial structure and functions in the second aerobic bioreactor of O/H/O coking wastewater treatment system

作　　者：谭智杰 张宝善 谢君婷 林月霞 吴海珍[2] 任源 韦朝海 朱爽 TAN Zhijie;ZHANG Baoshan;XIE Junting;LIN Yuexia;WU Haizhen;REN Yuan;WEI Chaohai;ZHU Shuang(Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates,School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China;School of Biology and Biological Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China;School of Environment and Energy,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学生命科学与生物制药学院,广东省生物技术候选药物研究重点实验室,广东广州510006 [2]华南理工大学生物科学与工程学院,广东广州510006 [3]华南理工大学环境与能源学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2022年第11期4549-4566,共18页Microbiology China

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(2021A1515012256);广东省科技计划(2018A050506009)。

摘　　要：【背景】焦化废水O/H/O生物处理工艺的二级好氧生物反应器O_(2)具有剩余污染物矿化和完全硝化功能,对废水的达标排放有重要作用。【目的】阐明O_(2)生物反应器的微生物结构和功能。【方法】利用16S rRNA基因测序,研究O_(2)生物反应器的微生物多样性和组成并进行功能预测,揭示其共现性特征和环境影响因子。【结果】O_(2)的优势菌门以变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、绿菌门(Chlorobi)为主。主要菌属中红游动菌属(Rhodoplanes)、溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)、硫杆菌属(Thiobacillus)等参与化学需氧量(chemical oxygen demand,COD)、酚类(phenols)和硫氰酸盐(thiocyanate,SCN-)等剩余污染物的去除,亚硝化弧菌属(Nitrosovibrio)和硝化螺菌属(Nitrospira)分别作为氨氧化细菌(ammonia-oxidizing bacteria,AOB)和主要的亚硝酸盐氧化细菌(nitrite-oxidizing bacteria,NOB)。功能预测结果显示苯甲酸酯降解、氨基苯甲酸酯降解、氯烷烃和氯烯烃的降解、氟代苯甲酸酯降解和硝基甲苯降解是外源物质生物降解和代谢的前五大通路,广泛分布在主要菌属中,验证了微生物降解剩余污染物的作用。基因pmoA/B/C-amoA/B/C、hao和nxrA/B编码相关的酶,组成了完整的硝化途径。共现网络结果揭示溶杆菌属、Candidatus Solibacter和红游动菌属在O_(2)生态中的重要地位。通过冗余分析(redundancy analysis,RDA)表明COD和NH3是影响O_(2)微生物群落的主要因素。【结论】红游动菌属和溶杆菌属是O_(2)中最核心的功能菌属,在污染物矿化和维持群落生态稳定上有重要作用。亚硝化弧菌属和硝化螺菌属是硝化作用的核心菌属。O_(2)中的代谢通路以剩余污染物矿化和完全硝化为主,微生物群落主要受COD和NH3的影响。本研究阐明了O_(2)的微生物结构与功能,为焦化废水O/H/O生物处理工艺的改进提供了微生物学上的依据。[Background]The second aerobic bioreactor O_(2) of the oxic-hydrolytic-oxic(O/H/O)system contributes to the biomineralization and complete nitrification of residual pollutants,which is important for the standard discharge of wastewater.[Objective]To elucidate the structure and functions of the microbial community in bioreactor O_(2).[Methods]The 16S rRNA gene was sequenced to investigate the microbial diversity and composition,predict the microbial functional pathways,and reveal the microbial co-occurrence and the environmental driving factors in bioreactor O_(2).[Results]Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,and Chlorobi were the dominant phyla in the bioreactor.Among the dominant genera,Rhodoplanes,Lysobacter,and Thiobacillus were involved in the degradation of residual pollutants,such as chemical oxygen demand(COD),phenols,and thiocyanate(SCN-),and Nitrosovibrio and Nitrospira were the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)and the dominant nitrite-oxidizing bacteria(NOB),respectively.Functional profiling suggested that the benzoate degradation,aminobenzoate degradation,chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradation,eluorobenzoate degradation,and nitrotoluene degradation were the top five pathways in the xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism.These major functional pathways were distributed widely in the dominant genera,implying their roles in biodegradation of residual pollutants.The pmoA/B/C-amoA/B/C,hao,and nxrA/B encoding related enzymes constituted the nitrification pathway.According to the result of microbial co-occurrence network,Lysobacter,Candidatus Solibacter,and Rhodoplanes occupied an important position in the O_(2) ecosystem.Redundancy analysis(RDA)suggested that the microbial community in the bioreactor was mainly affected by COD and NH3[Conclusion]Rhodoplanes and Lysobacter were the key genera for biomineralization and ecological stability of the community.Nitrosovibrio and Nitrospira played an important part in nitrification.The metabolic pathways in O_(2) were dominated by biomineralization and complete nitrific

关 键 词：焦化废水 好氧生物反应器 16S rRNA基因高通量测序 微生物结构 功能预测 

分 类 号：X784[环境科学与工程—环境工程]