中国六省份中小学生预包装食品购买行为及其影响因素分析  

The purchase behavior of prepackaged food and its determinants among primary and middle school students in 6 provinces of China

作　　者：相林 叶丽红 张竞雯 闫睿杰 廖巍[3] 唐玉香 崔佳 胡奕娈 杨月欣 蒋燕 张娟[1] Xiang Lin;Ye Lihong;Zhang Jingwen;Yan Ruijie;Liao Wei;Tang Yuxiang;Cui Jia;Hu Yiluan;Yang Yuexin;Jiang Yan;Zhang Juan(School of Population Medicine and Public Health,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;Shijiazhuang Municipal Bureau of Statistics,Shijiazhuang 050011,China;Institute of Basic Medical Sciences,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;Chinese Nutrition Society,Beijing 100022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院,北京100730 [2]石家庄市统计局,石家庄051011 [3]中国医学科学院基础医学研究所北京协和医学院基础学院,北京100730 [4]中国营养学会,北京100022

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2022年第11期1604-1611,共8页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：世界卫生组织中国公众对营养标签认知的探索性研究项目(20200622FOPL);学科建设项目慢病共患病(WH10022022034)。

摘　　要：目的分析我国六省份中小学生预包装食品购买行为及其影响因素。方法于2020年7月-2021年3月, 采用多阶段抽样方法, 在我国东部(北京、江苏、广东)、东北(黑龙江)、中部(河南)、西部(四川)共抽取2 499名中小学生及其家长开展调查。通过对学生和家长的问卷调查, 收集中小学生和家长的基本信息、中小学生饮食相关态度和行为、中小学生预包装食品购买行为、家长对其饮食行为的态度等。采用χ^(2)检验比较不同特征中小学生预包装食品购买行为, 采用多因素logistic逐步回归分析中小学生预包装食品购买行为的影响因素。结果 2 499名研究对象年龄为(12.7±2.5)岁;女性1 272名(50.9%);中学生1 279名(51.2%);56.2%的中小学生自己购买预包装食品。中小学生每周至少购买1次预包装食品比例排前6位的依次是奶及奶制品(74.6%)、烘焙食品(58.7%)、饮料(42.8%)、膨化食品(40.8%)、巧克力和糖果(39.8%)和坚果和干果类(37.5%)。多因素logistic回归模型分析结果显示, 与小学生、农村学生、非寄宿生、不喜欢吃零食者、家长关注孩子吃零食者相比, 中学生(OR=3.36, 95%CI:2.73~4.12)、城市学生(OR=1.33, 95%CI:1.11~1.61)、寄宿生(OR=2.15, 95%CI:1.66~2.79), 喜欢吃零食(OR=2.01, 95%CI:1.66~2.43)、家长不关注孩子吃零食(OR=1.27, 95%CI:1.05~1.54)的学生自己购买预包装食品的可能性较高;与家长受教育程度为初中及以下的学生相比, 家长受教育程度为大学本科及以上的学生购买预包装食品的可能性较低(OR=0.70, 95%CI:0.53~0.92);与家庭月收入<5 000元的学生相比, 家庭月收入>10 000元的学生自己购买预包装食品的可能性较低(OR=0.67, 95%CI:0.52~0.87)。结论我国六省份中小学生购买预包装食品者较多;年级、居住地、是否寄宿等个体特征和家长受教育程度、月收入及其是否关注孩子吃零食等家庭环境是购买预包装食品的影响因素。Objective To examine the purchase behaviors of prepackaged food and its determinants among primary and middle school students in 6 provinces of China.Methods A multi-stage sampling strategy was adopted to select 2499 primary and middle school students and their parents from the eastern region of China(Beijing,Jiangsu Province,Guangdong Province),the northeast region(Heilongjiang Province),the central region(Henan Province)and the western region(Sichuan Province)from July 2020 to March 2021.Socio-demographic characteristics of students and their parents,eating-related behaviors and the purchase behaviors of prepackaged food of students,and parents′attitudes towards students′eating behavior were collected through questionnaire towards students and their parents.The χ^(2) test was conducted to compare the purchase behaviors in different groups of students,and multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis was used to analyze the determinants among primary and middle school students.Results The age of 2499 participants was(12.7±2.5)years.There were 1272(50.9%)females and 1279(51.2%)middle school students.About 1404(56.2%)students bought prepackaged food.The top 6 prepackaged foods bought at least once a week were milk and dairy products(74.6%),baked food(58.7%),beverages(42.8%),puffed food(40.8%),chocolate and candy(39.8%),and nuts and dried fruits(37.5%).The multivariate logistic regression model analysis results showed that compared with primary school students,rural students,non-boarding students,students who did not like snacks and students whose parents paid attention to their children eating snacks,middle school students(OR=3.36,95%CI:2.73-4.12),urban students(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.11-1.61),boarding students(OR=2.15,95%CI:1.66-2.79),students who liked snacks(OR=2.01,95%CI:1.66-2.43),students whose parents did not pay attention to their children eating snacks(OR=1.27,95%CI:1.05-1.54)were more likely to buy prepackaged food by themselves.Compared with students whose parents had education level of junior high

关 键 词：学生 横断面研究 预包装食品 购买行为 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]