2005-2020年河南省南阳市乙型肝炎流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Nanyang,Henan,2005-2020

作　　者：唐聪 张小莉[1] 郭永豪[2] 闫国立[1] 赵玉玲[2] 唐晨茜 王孟茹 刘茜茜 陈换换 Tang Cong;Zhang Xiaoli;Guo Yonghao;Yan Guoli;Zhao Yuling;Tang Chenxi;Wang Mengru;Liu Xixi;Chen Huanhuan(Hemam University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China;Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450016,Henan,China;Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学,河南郑州450046 [2]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450016 [3]郑州大学,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《疾病监测》2022年第10期1329-1333,共5页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关项目(No.2018010028);河南省科技攻关项目(No.212102311081);河南省自然科学基金面上项目(No.222300420466)。

摘　　要：目的分析2005—2020年河南省南阳市乙型肝炎(乙肝)的流行病学特征,调整和完善乙肝防控策略。方法收集2005—2020年南阳市乙肝疫情数据,运用描述性流行病学方法对乙肝的流行病学特征进行分析,计算不同时期、区域以及职业人群的乙肝报告病例流行病学指标;采用随机整群抽样的方法,对南阳市0~79岁常住人口进行抽样调查,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测乙肝表面抗体水平;采用χ^(2)检验和直线回归分析对相应指标进行统计分析。结果2005—2020年南阳市乙肝累计报告153361例,年均报告发病率为100.46/10万,总体呈下降趋势,其中,未分类乙肝报告病例构成比逐渐减少,慢性乙肝构成比逐渐增加。发病以15~45岁人群为主,男女性别比为1.23∶1,发病最多的职业为农民,占总病例数的77.19%。结论青壮年乙肝现状不能忽视,在儿童乙肝免疫策略基础上,南阳市应将工作重点转向成年人群的慢性乙肝防控,加速病毒性肝炎的消除进程。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis B in Nanyang,Henan province,from2005 to 2020,and provide evidence for the improvement of hepatitis B prevention and control strategies.Methods The epidemiological data of hepatitis B in Nanyang from 2005 to 2020 were collected for a descriptive epidemiological analysis.The epidemiological index of hepatitis B in different areas and populations in Nanyang during this period were calculated.A random sampling survey was conducted in local residents aged 0-79 years.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect HBsAb.Statistical analysis was conducted by usingχ^(2) test and linear regression analysis.Results A total of 153361cases of hepatitis B were reported in Nanyang from 2005 to 2020,with an annual average reported incidence rate of 100.46 per100000,showing an overall downward trend.The proportion of unclassified hepatitis B cases gradually decreased,while the proportion of chronic hepatitis B cases gradually increased.The incidence was high in age group 15-45 years,and the male to female ratio of the cases was 1.23∶1.Farmers were the most affected group with cases accounting for 77.19%of the total.Conclusion The prevalence of hepatitis B in adolescents and middle-aged adults cannot be neglected.Based on the hepatitis B immunization strategy for children,it is necessary to focus on the prevention and control of chronic hepatitis B in adults to accelerate the elimination of viral hepatitis.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 乙型肝炎病毒 流行特征 疫情分析 南阳市 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R512.62R181.2